矮壮素对大丽花生长发育的影响

以高生型大丽花品种＂大金红＂为试材,在株高为20 cm时,采用叶片喷施和灌根2种施药方式施药1次,矮壮素施用浓度均为0（CK）、1 000 mg/L、1 500 mg/L、2 000 mg/L、2 500 mg/L和3 000 mg/L,通过测定植株形态指标（株高、节间长度、节数、叶面积、开花期、花期持续时间、花朵直径、花瓣数）和生理生化指标（叶片叶绿素和可溶性糖含量）,研究矮壮素施用方式和施用浓度对大丽花生长发育的影响。结果表明：矮壮素施用浓度为1 000～3 000 mg/L时,无论喷施还是灌根,均能够显著降低株高,增大叶片面积,延长花期,提高产量,且叶片叶绿素和可溶性糖含量增多;相同施药水平条件下,灌根效果优于喷施。用3 000 mg/L的矮壮素灌根效果最好,株高降低27.73%,叶面积增加43.91%,始花期推迟22 d,花期延长20 d,花径增大4.62 cm,花瓣数增多140片,叶片叶绿素和可溶性糖含量显著提高,大丽花的株型、观赏价值和开花品质都得到了明显改善。

Effect of Chlorocholine Chloride on the Growth and Development of Dahlia

When the plant height of dahlia Dajinhong was 20 cm,chlorocholine chloride（CCC） with the concentrations of 0（CK）,1 000 mg/L,1 500 mg/L,2 000 mg/L,2 500 mg/L and 3 000 mg/L were sprayed on the leaves and poured to root one time respectively to test the morphological indices（plant height,internode length,nodes,leaf area,flowering stage,duration of flowering and stage,flower diameter and petal number） and the physiological indices（the contents of chlorophyll and soluble sugar）.The results showed that CCC with the concentration of 1 000-3 000 mg/L could decrease the plant height,increase the leaf area,prolong the flowering stage,increase the yield,improve the content of chlorophyll and soluble sugar.The efficience of soil irrigation was better than leaf spraying.The effect of soil irrigation with 3 000 mg/L CCC was the best,the plant height decreased by 27.73%,the leaf area increased by 43.91%,the first flowering dates delayed 22 d,the flowering stage prolonged 20 d,the flower diameter increased 4.62 cm,the petal number added 140 pieces,the contents of chlorophyll and soluble sugar significantly increased.The plant type,ornamental value and bloom quality were improved.