冀中南冬小麦-夏玉米一年两熟农田土壤水分变化规律研究

为研究冀中南地区冬小麦-夏玉米一年两熟种植制度下农田2m 土体含水量和储水量的周年变化规律，在自然生产条件下对轮作期2m土体水分含量变化进行了分析。结果表明：小麦季与玉米季的2m土体总储水量变化不同，其中，小麦季属于利用消耗期（亏损111.8 mm ），玉米季属于蓄水增墒期（盈余111.8 mm），但轮作周年内土壤水分实现了亏盈平衡。小麦对土壤水利用得不充分，尤其是对深层土壤水的利用率很低，小麦收获后（土壤储水的低谷）2 m 土体仍有存水397.3 mm，其中可利用的有效土壤水为90～147 mm，150～200 cm土层含水量仍达16％以上。因此，小麦季应采取“旱胁迫”栽培技术，充分利用深层墒，提高对土壤水的利用率。

Study on Variation of Soil Moisture in Two Crops A Year Farmland of Winter Wheat and Summer Maize in Central-south of Hebei Province

To study the annual variation of 2 m soil water content and water storage of winter wheat and summer maize in central south Hebei areas one year two cropping system farmland , the soil moisture content changes of 2 m in the natural production conditions of rotation periods were analyzed.The results showed that 2 m soil total water storage changes in wheat season and maize season was different , wheat season belongs to the water consumption period （loss of 111.8 mm）, and maize season belonging to the water increasing period （surplus of 111.8 mm）, but the soil moisture rotation anniversary realized loss and profit balance.The soil water use was not sufficient by wheat, especially the deeper soil water using rate was very low , after wheat harvest 2 m soil still saved water 397.3 mm, where the effective available soil water was 90-147 mm, the soil water content in 150-200 cm layer was above 16%.Therefore, it should take the cultivation technology of drought stress in wheat season , making full use of deep soil moisture and improving the utilization rate of soil water.