大豆种质资源对草甘膦的敏感性研究

为了研究不同大豆种质材料对草甘膦的敏感性，于大豆2～3片复叶期，对1365份大豆试材喷施草甘膦异丙胺盐水剂1230g／hm2，按照大豆药害程度、存活率和结荚率的不同将药害等级划分为1-10级（级别越高，药害越重，敏感程度越高）。结果表明：喷施草甘膦后所有参试材料均出现不同程度的药害症状，表现为叶片发黄甚至干枯，植株矮化；药害等级从10级到2级，其中，366份表现敏感（9—10级），340份表现比较敏感（8级），268份表现中度敏感（6～7级），241份有一定的耐性（4～5级），92份耐性较好（3级），58份耐性良好（2级）。不同类型大豆种质材料对草甘膦的敏感性存在差异，其中，所有野生大豆均表现敏感，夏播试材中耐性种质所占比例高于其他类型材料。

Study on Sensitivity of Soybean Germplasm Resources to Giyphosate

To study the sensitivity of different soybean germplasm resources to glyphosate, 1 365 soybean materials were sprayed with glyphosate isopropylamine brine agent 1 230 g/hm2 in 2 -3 trifid leaf stages, and the phytotoxicity levels （level 1-10） was divided according to the degree of soybean phytotoxicity, survival rate and podding rate, the higher the level the heavier the phytotoxicity and the higher the sensitivity. The results showed that all tested soybeans after spraying glyphosate showed different degrees of phytotoxicity symptoms, characterized by leaves yellow even dry, plant dwarf, phytotoxicity level from 10 to 2, there were 366 materials of sensitive soybean characterized by level 9 to 10, it had 340 materials about more sensitive that phytotoxicity level 8, there were 268 of moderately sensitive materials characterized by level 6 to 7, and level 4 - 5 materials had 241 of some patience soybean to glyphosate, 92 materials had better patient performance by level 3, there were 58 of patience good soybeans by level 2. There were differences between the different soybean germplasm materials on the sensitivity of glyphosate, the tested wild soybeans were sensitive and the proportion of patience germplasm in summer sowing soybean materials was higher than that of other materials.