杂交籼稻育种过程中的植株农艺性状的演变(英文)

目的]研究杂交籼稻育种过程中的植株农艺性状的演变。方法]选择过去30年在长江中下游稻区大面积推广的23个杂交籼稻品种为实验材料,在相同的大田管理和栽培条件下,比较各杂交组合的单株产量和形态特征,并对各农艺性状进行相关分析和通径分析。结果]结果表明,在杂交籼稻组合的演替过程中,尽管株高、千粒重和每穗粒数有少许增加,但单株有效穗数下降,引起单株产量和生物量降低;单茎的茎鞘、叶片、穗重增加,抽穗后叶片的光合能力增强。相关分析和通径分析表明,单株生物量和每穗粒数与单株产量呈显著相关,其中,生物量是影响单株产量的主要因素。结论]在杂交稻的育种和栽培中,在强调单个有效穗的大穗优势的同时,必须注重品种的分蘖发生能力,建立适宜的群体密度以获取高产。

Changes in Agronomic Traits of Indica Hybrid Rice during Genetic Improvement

Objective]The aim was to elucidate the changes of agronomical traits of indica hybrid rice during its genetic improvement.Method]23 typical indica hybrid combinations cultivated in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River during the last 30 years were selected as experimental materials.All the hybrid rice combinations were grown in the same field;and then yield and morphological characters of single plant were compared;correlation and path analyses among agronomic characteristics were also conducted....