小麦体细胞离体培养技术研究

本文介绍了用小麦体细胞离体培养的成苗技术,并明确用未成熟胚、幼穗以及嫩叶作外植体均可形成愈伤组织,但只有未成熟胚和幼穗的愈伤组织才分化出幼苗。幼穗的发育阶段对愈伤组织的形成无影响,但未成熟胚却不一样,采样过早不能长出愈伤组织,过迟自外植体直接长出幼苗数量多,影响愈伤组织的形成。研究认为以授粉12—14天的未成熟胚做外植体最好,愈伤组织形成的多,直接长出幼苗的外植体数量少。用根腐病菌毒素作选择压力,6%的毒素压力幼胚外植体可诱导成苗,12%的毒素压力虽也可形成愈伤组织,但未能获得成活的幼苗。品种对真菌毒素的耐力可能不同,因而各自的外植体及其愈伤组织对毒素的耐力也可能不一样,所以用毒素选择压力强度应根据品种确定。

STUDY ON TECHNIQUE OF WHEAT SOMATOPLASM CULTURE

The plante producing technique of wheat somateplasm is going to be introduced in this article. It's clear and definite that the callus can be produced by ammature embryo, young spike or tender leaves, but only has ammature influence to young spike growth stage, not influence to produce callus. It's difference to ammature embryo that it's too early selecting sample to produce callus. But it's late ectogenesis would produce many plantlets that influence callus' production, experment result has shown that the best way is selecting ammatture embryo as cultured tissue of off-plant after fertilizing twelve to forteen days. It could produce more callus and less plantlet from ectogensis. The selecting prcssure with Bipolaris sorokian toxine has shown that ammature embryo ectogensis can induce it's plantlet under six percent toxine pressure. It's also induce callus under twelve percent toxine pressure, but can not induce plantlet. It has different endurence of toxine in different varieties so do the callus and ectogenesis , therefore the intensity of toxine selecting should make sure according to the vareties of wheat.