生长调节剂对‘砀山酥梨’脱萼果率和果实品质及新梢生长的影响

以‘砀山酥梨’为试材,于盛花期喷施不同浓度的保花保果剂(PBO)、多效唑(PP333)、氟硅唑(Flusilazole),研究生长调节剂对‘砀山酥梨’脱萼果率、果实品质和新梢生长的影响。结果表明:高浓度PBO、PP333虽能提高‘砀山酥梨’脱萼果率、果实固形物与可溶性糖含量,降低了有机酸含量,但使果实石细胞明显增多、硬度增加、果点增大。2 500 mg.L-1 PP333、2 000 mg.L-1 PBO处理果实石细胞含量分别为1.52%和1.47%;果肉硬度分别为6.34和6.36 kg.cm-2;果点直径分别为1.97和1.87 mm,均显著高于喷施清水对照。PBO和Flusilazole对果实品质和新梢生长影响较PP333小,花期喷施其适宜浓度为200 mg.L-1和100 mL.L-1。2 500 mg.L-1 PP333处理果点明显增大,超微结构观察表明,PP333处理使细胞排列紧凑、细胞壁变薄、木栓化程度提高,且表皮裂痕增大。

Effects of the growth regulators on the ratio of the fruit without calyx, fruit quality and shoot growth in Pyrus bretschneideri 'Dangshansuli'

Pyrus bretschneideri’Dangshansuli’was used as experiment materials in this paper,and the effects of the growth regulators on the ratio of the fruit without calyx,fruit quality and shoot growth were studied by spraying the different concentrations of the paclobutrazol and 6-benzylaminopurine powder(PBO),paclobutrazol(PP333) and Flusilazole at full-bloom stage.The results showed the ratio of the fruit without calyx,the soluble solids and soluble suger contents in fruit increased,and the organic acid contents in fruit decreased,but the stone cell content,flesh firmness and fruit spot diameter increased by application of the high concentrations of PBO and PP333.The stone cell content in fruit was 1.52% and 1.47%,the flesh firmnesses were 6.34 and 6.36 kg·cm-2,and fruit spot diameters were 1.97 and 1.87 mm treated with the 2 500 mg·L-1 PP333 and 2 000 mg·L-1 PBO respectively,all significant higher than water contrast.Flusilazole and PBO had a smaller effect on the fruit quality and shoot growth comparing to PP333,and the appropriate concentrations of spraying with PBO and Flusilazole were 200 mg·L-1 and 100 mL·L-1 at full-bloom stage.The fruit spots were enlarged,the cells arrangement of fruit dot was compact,the cell wall was thinning,the skin suberization and cracks increased by the treatment of 2 500 mg·L-1 PP333.