中国鹅5个品种遗传多样性的随机扩增多态DNA分析

用４０个１０－寡核苷酸随机引物对中国鹅的５个品种－狮头鹅，皖西白鹅，太湖鹅，浙东白鹅和四川白鹅进行了随机扩增多态ＤＮＡ（ＲＡＰＤ）分析。结果表明，用筛选出的１４个引物共扩增出１７４个ＤＮＡ片段，其中的４８个（占２８．２％）在５个品种间表现为多态性。根据扩增ＤＮＡ片段的异同，计算了各品种和个体间的遗传多样性指数和遗传距离指数。同时，用分子进化遗传分析软件（ＭＥＧＡ）以ＵＰＧＭＡ法和ＮＪ法对遗传距离指

RAPD analysis of genetic diversity in five breeds of domestic Chinese goose

Random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)analysis was used with 40 arbitary 10 mer oligonucleotide primers to assess genetic variability in five breeds of domestic Chinese goose(Wanxi white breed,Taihu breed,Zhedong white breed,Sichuan white breed and Shitou breed).The results showed that fourteen out of forty primers amplified 174 reproducible DNA fragments altogether through the polymerase chain reaction(PCR).48 which account for 28 2% of the fragments were polymorphic.The genetic diversity and distance coefficients between all the species and all the individuals were caculated according to homogenity and diversity of the amplified RAPD fragments.The cluster analyses which derived from their mean genetic distance coefficients were performed with UPGMA and NJ methods using MEGA software showed that genetic differentiations between the five breeds of domestic Chinese goose may be closely related to artificial selections but not to geographical distances.