长期施用有效微生物肥对冬小麦-夏玉米生长和产量的影响

在多年连续定位试验研究的基础上,研究了不同施肥方式对冬小麦、夏玉米生长和产量的影响。结果表明:EM微生物堆肥能明显增加冬小麦和夏玉米的产量。EM微生物堆肥处理的年均总产比等量传统堆肥增产8.3%~8.9%,其中冬小麦增产8.3%,夏玉米增产8.2%~9.4%。EM微生物堆肥能在一定程度降低土壤容重,增加土壤含水量,改善作物的生长环境。EM微生物堆肥处理的冬小麦、夏玉米总光合势比等量传统堆肥分别高5%~36%,5.2%~14.3%,比化肥处理分别高19%~72%,19.6%~46.4%,随EM微生物堆肥施用量的增加差异更明显。EM微生物堆肥比较高的光合势加快了干物质的积累速度,从而提高了冬小麦、夏玉米的群体生长速率。

Effect of Effective Microorganisms Compost on Winter Wheat and Summer Maize Growth and Yields

Based on many years researches in the field,the experiment was conducted to study the effects of the different fertilizer on winter wheat and summer maize growth and yields.The results showed that EM microbial compost increased winter wheat and summer maize yields significantly.The annual average yield of EM microbial compost treatment was 8.3%-8.9% higher than the same amount traditional compost treatment,and 8.3% higher in winter wheat and 8.2%-9.4% in summer maize.EM microbial compost could decrease soil bulk density,increasing soil water content and improving the environment of crop growth.EM microbial compost could enhance winter wheat leaf area duration obviously.The total leaf area duration of the EM microbial compost treatment were 5%-36% for winter wheat and 5.2%-14.3% for summer maize higher than the same amount traditional compost treatment,19%-72% and 19.6%-46.4% higher than fertilizer treatment,respectively.The diffences were more obvious as the amount of EM microbial compost applied increasingly.The higher leaf area duration of EM microbial compost improved dry matter accumulation rate and advanced crop growth rate.