杂交玉米品种抗旱性生理指标及综合评价初探

采用室内干旱法 研究玉米叶片相对含水量、叶绿素含量、抽雄吐丝间隔时间、各生育时期出现时间、干物质积累量、氮代谢等与玉米抗旱性的关系。结果表明,经24和48h水分胁迫的处理,玉米叶片RWC与其抗旱性呈正相关;叶绿素含量与抗旱性无相关性;抽雄期与吐丝期的间隔时间与抗旱性呈负相关;干旱对高抗品种的灌浆期出现时间几乎没有影响,中抗和不抗旱品种乳熟期出现较晚。高抗品种干物质胁迫系数在“喇叭口期～抽雄期～蜡熟期”生育过程中呈“n”型变化,中抗品种干物质胁迫系数呈“u”型变化,不抗旱品种呈“直线型”变化。短时间干旱,玉米植株含氮量与抗旱系数呈正相关。

Studies on Several Physiological Indexes of the Drought Resistance of Crossbreed Corn and Its Comprehensive Evaluation

The effects of water stress on several physiological indexes in the lab. and the relationship between those index and drought resistance in the field was studied with seven crossbreed corn varieties. The results showed relative water contents of corn leaves is directly proportional to drought resistance through 24 and 48 hours water stress, time from tasseling period to spinning period is inversely proportion to drought resistance, and chlorophyll content isn't proportion to drought resistance. Water stress have an no effect on filling period of the best-resistance corn variety, milky stage of other corn variety are later than CK in water stress. In the period of growth, DMSI curve of the best corn variety is the shape of "n", DMSI curve of better corn variety is the shape of "u", and DMSI curve of general corn variety is a bias.