成熟期玉米籽粒含水量与主要农艺性状的相关分析

为选育成熟期籽粒低含水量玉米杂交组合,以15个玉米自交系组配的54个杂交玉米组合为材料,对杂交组合的苞叶层数,苞叶、穗柄、籽粒、穗轴含水量及穗长、穗粗等9个产量相关性状进行相关和通经分析。结果表明:籽粒含水量与苞叶层数、苞叶含水量、穗轴含水量极显著正相关,与穗长和行粒数显著正相关,与出籽率和容重显著负相关。通径分析结果显示,籽粒含水量与苞叶层数、苞叶含水量、穗轴含水量、穗长、行粒数的直接通径系数为正值,与出籽率和容重的直接通径系数为负值,直接通径系数大小依次为:苞叶含水量>穗轴含水量>穗长>苞叶层数>行粒数>容重>出籽率。在育种策略上应选择苞叶层数较少,苞叶、穗轴含水量较低,出籽率、容重较高的材料加以改良,组配籽粒低含水量宜机收的玉米品种。

Correlation Analysis of Moisture Content of Kernel and Main Agricultural Traits of Maize after Physiological Maturity

In order to select and breed maize hybrid combinations with low water content for kernels at the mature stage,54 hybrid maize combinations with 15 maize inbred lines were used as materials,and 9 yield-related characters,such as bract layer number,bract,ear stalk,kernel,cob water content,ear length and ear width,were correlated and analyzed through the passage.The results showed that the water content of kernel was positively correlated with bract layer number,bract water content and cob water content,positively correlated with ear length and row number of kernel,and negatively corrected with shelling percentage,volume weight.Path analysis showed that the kernel moisture content and the layer number of bracts,bracts water content,water content of cob,ear length,kernel number of direct path coefficient were positive,and shelling percentage,volume weight were negative.The direct path coefficient in the order:bracts moisture content>cob moisture content>ear length>bract layers>kernel number>volume weigh>seed rate.