矮抗58及其衍生小麦品种在南阳麦区条锈抗性、农艺性状、品质及利用分析

为给矮抗58及其衍生品种在南阳麦区育种上的利用提供参考,对矮抗58及其49个衍生品种的系谱、条锈抗性、农艺性状及品质进行分析。结果表明,48个品种都属于矮抗58衍生的子一代,强筋(中强筋)品种7个,中抗及以上有16个(含矮抗58)。16个中抗及以上品种农艺性状在平方欧式距离10时聚为3个群体,第Ⅰ群包括洛麦34、新麦32、新麦39、泛麦536、许科918、郑品麦8号、百农5822、赛德麦7号、郑麦136、中育1211、周麦32、郑麦113、周麦36,第Ⅱ群包括矮抗58、百农4199,第Ⅲ群包括齐民7号。当平方欧式距离为20,第Ⅰ、Ⅱ群并为一群,齐民7号为一群。以条锈抗性好、株型中散、株高中等、旗叶上冲为育种目标时Ⅰ、Ⅱ群为亲本较优。16个中抗及以上小麦品种的稳定时间、蛋白质含量、拉伸面积、湿面筋含量变异系数较大,针对品质改良,以此作为亲本集团(做母本),后代可能变异类型丰富。周麦36与周麦32是较好的优质强筋品种,优质强筋组合建议重点使用。

Analysis on Stripe Rust Resistance,Agronomic Traits,Quality and Utilization of Wheat Variety‘Aikang 58’and Its Derivatives in Nanyang Wheat Area

The genealogy,stripe rust resistance,agronomic traits and quality of wheat variety Aikang 58 and its 49 derivatives were analyzed in order to provide reference for the utilization of Aikang 58 and its derivatives in wheat breeding in Nanyang area.The results showed that all the 48 derivatives belonged to the subgeneration derived from Aikang 58,and 7 derivatives were strong or medium gluten varieties,and 16 derivatives were medium resistance or above.And,16 varieties with medial resistance or above could be divided into 3 groups when Euclidean distance of agronomic traits was 10.The groupⅠincluded Luomai 34,Xinmai 32,Xinmai 39,Fanmai 536,Xuke 918,Zhengpinmai 8,Bainong 5822,Saidemai 7,Zhengmai 136,Zhongyu 1211,Zhoumai 32,Zhengmai 113,Zhoumai 36 and groupⅡcontianed Aikang 58 and Bainong 4199,while groupⅢonly included Qimin 7.The groupⅠand groupⅡwere assorted one group when the Euclidean distance was 20,and Qimin 7 falled into a separate category.The groupⅠandⅡcould be selected as excellent parent when the indexes including stripe rust resistance,scattered plant profile in middle,moderate plant height and upward flag leaf were chosed as breeding objective.The variation coefficient of stability time,protein content,tensile area and wet gluten content of the 16 wheat varieties with moderate resistance and above were relatively large.Aiming at quality improvement and using this as the parents(especially as the mother parent),the offsprings might have abundant variation types.Additionally,Zhoumai 36 and Zhoumai 32 were better varieties with high quality and strong gluten,and both could be used to create the combination with high quality and strong gluten.