红蓝LED光照强度对茶树生长及生物化学成分的影响

以‘黔湄601’一年生茶树苗为试材,光量比为1∶3的LED红蓝光作为光源,探讨不同光照强度对茶树幼苗生长特性的影响、光合色素及生物化学成分的变化趋势,探索茶树苗生长发育对光强的响应机制。采用LED精准调节光质和光强,设置50μmol·m-2·s-1、100μmol·m-2·s-1、150μmol·m-2·s-1、200μmol·m-2·s-14个处理。结果表明,不同光强处理15 d后,50μmol·m-2·s-1光照强度有利于茶树叶色素含量的增加及Ca/Cb值的降低;100μmol·m-2·s-1光照强度有利于茶树叶茶多酚含量的降低及氨基酸含量的增加,酚氨比值最低;150μmol·m-2·s-1光照强度对茶树叶重增加有促进作用;200μmol·m-2·s-1光照强度有利于茶树叶茶多酚含量的增加和氨基酸、光合色素含量的减少;酚氨比值最高,光合色素含量最低。红蓝LED光照强度过低、过高都不利于茶叶品质形成,综合考虑,100μmol·m-2·s-1光照强度最有利于茶叶功能成分的积累,是茶叶LED光源设施栽培的理想光照强度。本研究结果对于设施茶树种植具有重要的参考意义。

Effects of Red-blue LED Light Intensity on Growth and Biochemical Components of Tea Plants

Using 1-year-old'Qianme i601'tea plants as the experimental materials,the effects of different light intensities generated by light emitting diodes(LED)with red-blue light intensity ratio of 1:3 on growth characteristics,the trends in photosynthetic pigments and biochemical components of leaves of tea plant were studied,and the response mechanism of tea seedling growth and development to light intensity was explored.The light quality and intensity were precisely adjusted by using LED,and 4 light intensity treatments,including 50μmol·m^-2·s^-1,100μmol·m^-2·s^-1,150μmol·m^-2·s^-1,200μmol·m^-2·s^-1,were set.The results showed that after 15 days of different light intensity treatment,the light intensity of 50μmol·m^-2·s^-1 was beneficial to the increase of pigment content and the decrease of Ca/Cb value in tea leaves.100μmol·m^-2·s^-1 light intensity was beneficial to the decrease of polyphenol content and the increase of amino acid content in tea leaves,at which the ratio of polyphenols and amino acids was the lowest.The light intensity of 150μmol·m^-2·s^-1 had significant effect on the weight increase of tea plant leaves.The light intensity of 200μmol·m^-2·s^-1 helped the increase of polyphenols and the decrease of free amino acids and pigment contents.At this intensity,the ratio of phenol to ammonia was the highest and the content of photosynthetic pigments was the lowest.Low and high intensity of red and blue LED was neither conducive to the formation of tea quality.Considering comprehensively,100μmol·m^-2·s^-1 light intensity was the most beneficial to the accumulation of tea functional components,and was the ideal light intensity for tea LED light source facility cultivation.The results of this study could have important reference significance for the protected planting of tea.