四种农药对有害疣孢霉及食用菌菌丝的抑制效果分析

有害疣孢霉可引起多种食用菌的病害,本研究通过比较4种化学农药在不同浓度下对有害疣孢霉的抑制作用及其对几种食用菌本身的毒性反应,研究有害疣孢霉的化学防治方法以及合理的施药浓度。通过有害疣孢霉在不同含药培养基中培养结果显示,0.01 g/L浓度的百菌清、0.005 g/L和0.01 g/L的菌核净对有害疣孢霉的抑制效果最好。多菌灵的几个试验浓度对有害疣孢霉的抑制效果都很差。甲基托布津在48 h后对有害疣孢霉抑制效果较好。百菌清、甲基托布津、菌核净对双孢菇的生长完全抑制,平菇的耐药性最强。杏鲍菇和双孢菇在相同的药剂的处理下表现出类似的性状。且杏鲍菇中‘XS1-1’的耐药性强于‘X1#’,双孢菇中‘2796’的耐药性强于‘农双T’。多菌灵对有害疣孢霉、双孢菇、平菇、杏鲍菇的抑制效果不是特别明显。综合所述,0.01 g/L的甲基托布津即对有害疣孢霉有抑制作用又对食用菌菌丝生长抑制效果较小。

Analysis of the Inhibitory Effects of Four Pesticides on Hypomyces perniciosus and Edible Fungus Hyphae

Hypomyces perniciosus can cause a variety of edible fungi diseases.In this study,the inhibitory effects of four chemical pesticides on Hypomyces perniciosus at different concentrations and their toxicity to several edible fungi were studied.Chemical control methods and their reasonable application concentration.The results of culture and culture in different drugcontaining medium by Hypomyces perniciosus showed that bacteriocin of 0.01 g/L concentration of chlorothalonil,0.005 g/L and 0.01 g/L was harmful to Hypomyces perniciosus.The inhibition was best.The inhibitory effects of carbendazim on several concentrations of the test were very poor.The methyl thiophanate had a better inhibitory effect on Hypomyces perniciosus after 48 h.Chlorothalonil,methyl thiophanate and sclerotium were completely inhibited by the growth of Agaricus bisporus,and Pleurotus ostreatus was the most resistant.Pleurotus eryngii and Agaricus bisporus showed similar traits under the same agent treatment.Moreover,the resistance of'XS1-1'in Pleurotus eryngii was stronger than that of'X1#',and the resistance of'2796'in Agaricus bisporus was stronger than that of'Nongshuang T'.The inhibitory effect of carbendazim on Hypomyces perniciosus,Agaricus bisporus,Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus eryngii was not particularly obvious.In summary,0.01 g/L of methyl thiophanate has an inhibitory effect on Hypomyces perniciosus and a less inhibitory effect on the growth ofedible fungi hyphae.