春播夏谷子品系农艺性状的相关性和聚类分析

为了明确谷子品系的适应性,为杂交亲本选配提供实验依据,以引进的夏谷子品系和自选品系为材料,利用SPSS 22.0和Microsoft Excel 2007软件对其农艺性状进行变异、聚类、相关和双关联分析,结果表明,(1)供试品系质量性状遗传多样性指数在0~1.910之间,由大到小依次为穗形>穗茎姿态>刚毛长度>刚毛颜色>颖果颜色>籽粒形状>籽粒颜色>植株颜色>叶姿;数量性状变异系数变幅为8.11%~20.29%,依次分别是穗粒重>亩产量>穗颈长度>单穗重>茎秆长度>穗长>千粒重>穗粗>茎秆粗度。(2)亩产量与穗茎姿态、穗形、千粒重、穗粒重、穗码个数、单码籽粒数、单穗重、穗粗、穗长、穗茎长度、倒二叶宽呈极显著正相关,与茎秆粗度呈极显著负相关。(3)在欧式距离4.0将供试材料聚为六大类:第一类包括11份,均为夏谷子品系,亩产量约为400 kg,茎秆较矮且粗,叶姿半上冲,刚毛黄较短,纺锤型穗;第二类只有2015137-2Ⅱ-4-1,叶姿半上冲,刚毛中等为紫色,穗茎姿态为勾形,圆锥型穗,株高较高,亩产为387.71 kg;第三类6份均为夏谷品系,刚毛短为黄或紫色,穗茎姿态为强弯,纺锤型穗,茎秆较矮且粗,亩产在287~340 kg之间;第四类包括2016025♀-2-4(大同29系选后代)等6份高产品系,叶姿半上冲,刚毛中或短为黄色,穗茎姿态为勾形,穗形为纺锤型、猫爪型或圆锥型,株高适中,亩产量均在529 kg以上;第五类包括2015053Ⅰ-2Ⅰ-5-1(济谷13系选后代)等5份品系,叶姿半上冲,亩产约489 kg。第六类包括2015(07)-4-10和2015137-2Ⅱ-5-1等2份品系,叶姿半上冲,猫爪型或圆锥型穗,亩产约501 kg。综合分析得出8份产量较高的品系,分别为2015(07)-4-10、2015(07)-4-11、2015053Ⅰ-2Ⅰ-4-2、2015053Ⅰ-2Ⅱ-1-1、2015137-2Ⅱ-5-1、16C227-2-2、2016025♀-2-4和2016025♀-2-5。

Correlation and Cluster Analysis of Agronomic Characters in Summer Foxtail Millet Lines Cultivated in Spring

In orde r to clarify the adaptability of the millet line,provide experimental basis for the selection of hybrid parents,imported Summer and optional millet lines were used for variation,clustering,correlation and dual association analysis of agronomic traits using SPSS 22.0 and Excel software,the results showed that:(1)the genetic diversity index of the quality traits of the test samples was between 0~1.910,from large to small,it was in the order of ear shape>ear stem posture>bristle length>bristle color>cary color>grain shape>grain color>plant color>leaf position;the coefficient of variation of quantitative traits varied from 8.11%to 20.29%.From large to small,they were grain weight>mu yield>length of panicle neck>single ear weight>stem length>ear length>1000 grain weight>ear diameter>stem thickness.(2)Per mu yield was very significantly positive correlated to ear stem posture,panicle shape,1000-grain weight,ear weight,ear number,single-numbered grain number,single ear weight,ear diameter,ear length,ear length,but was very significantly negative correlated to thickness of the stem.(3)The test materials were devided into six categories at Euclidean Distance 4.0.The first category included 11 summer millet strains.Their yield was about 400 kg per mu,their stems were short and thick,their leaf postures were half-rushed,and had short bristles and spindle-shaped ear.The second category was only 2015137-2Ⅱ-4-1,its leaf posture was half-rushed,bristles was medium-purple,tip of the stem was hook-shaped,had cone-shaped ear and higher plant height associated per mu yield with 387.71 kg.The third group included six summer millet lines,their bristles were short yellow or purple,the spike stems were strong curved,and spindle-shaped spikes,their stems were short and thick,the per mu yield was 287~340 kg.The fourth category included highyield lines such as 2016025♀-2-4(the descendants of Datong 29 series),their leaf posture was semi-upward,the bristles were short or yellow,the tip of the stem was hook-shaped,and the shape of the spike was spindle-shaped,and had cat claw ear or conical ear type,medium plant height,per mu yield of above 529 kg.The fifth category included 5 lines of 2015053Ⅰ-2Ⅰ-5-1(the descendants of the Jigu 13 series),their leaf posture was half-rushed,their per mu yield was about 489 kg.The sixth category included 2015(07)-4-10 and 2015137-2Ⅱ-5-1,which had a half-overshoot and a cat-claw or conical ears,and 501 kg of per mu yield.Eight high yield millet lines were comprehensively evaluated,they were2015(07)-4-10,2015(07)-4-11,2015053Ⅰ-2Ⅰ-4-2,2015053 I-2Ⅱ-1-1,2015137-2Ⅱ-5-1,16 C227-2-2,2016-025♀-2-4 and 2016025♀-2-5.