水稻几个披垂叶突变体的表型研究及其遗传分析

随着水稻功能基因组学的发展，水稻突变体已成为研究相关基因功能与表达的良好实验材料。同时，水稻突变体还可以为当今水稻常规育种和分子育种提供新的种质资源。本文主要阐述了几个水稻披垂叶突变体在株型、株高、穗粒数、结实率、千粒重等方面的特征特性，并分析了它们在与正常植株杂交后F1、F2群体表现。研究表明，突变体与野生型正常植株杂交的F1代在经济学性状和生物学性状上均表现出超亲优势，而在F2群体中表现出有规则的分离，3个突变体中披垂叶性状均为隐性基因控制。在突变体材料MR304中，控制披垂性状的为2对隐性基因，其中1对为主效基因。在突变体材料MR168和MR312中，控制披垂性状的均为单隐性基因。

Phenotypic and Genetic Analysis in Several Drooping Leaf Mutants of Rice

With the development of in rice functional genomics, the rice mutants are becoming good experimental materials for studying the correlated functions and expressions of genes. Moreover, rice mutants provide valuable sources for conventional and molecular breeding in rice. This study mainly identified the differences in the plant type, the plant height, the ear of grain, seed setting ratio, the weight of a thousand grains between the several drooping leaf mutants and the wild-type normal plants in rice. We also analyzed the characterization of crosses between the mutants and the normal plants in F1 and F2 population. The experimental results revealed that: In the crosses between mutants and normal plants, the F1 population showed the super-parents hybrid vigor in economical traits and biological traits, yet the droopy leaf trait in the F2 population exhibited the regular segregation predicated by Mendelian inheritance. The drooping leaf trait in MR304 was controlled by two pairs of recessive genes, in which one pair was the major genes. Whereas, a single recessive gene controlled the drooping leaf traits in MR168 and MR312.