贵州禾落粒性基因qSH1调控区SNP分析

贵州禾是在贵州省黔东南地区种植的一类特殊的稻种,为探究其遗传特性,本研究对49份贵州禾和来源中国11个省市(自治区)和韩日的112份稻种的落粒性基因qSH1调节区序列进行测序分析。结果表明,161份供试品种在696个碱基序列上存在13个变异位点,归为6种DNA单倍型,在功能位点12290上,仅H6为T,属不易落粒单倍型,其余单倍型均为G,属易落粒单倍型。贵州地方稻(包括贵州禾)出现了所有的6种单倍型,H5为优势单倍型,占85.48%,云南地方稻仅出现H2、H3、H5这3种单倍型,H3为优势单倍型,占62.49%,两省地方稻在基因型种类和优势单倍型上均存在差异。其余稻种(包括日韩品种)全归为H5、H6两种单倍型,中国北方省份80.95%品种归属单倍型H6,南方省份85.71%选育品种归于易落粒单倍型H5,南北方在优势单倍型上存在差异。49份贵州禾归为H1、H4、H5这3种单倍型,H1、H4仅在贵州禾中出现,H5为优势单倍型,占91.84%,贵州禾外的13份贵州地方水稻品种归为H2、H3、H5、H6这4种单倍型,H5是优势类型,占61.54%,贵州禾和贵州其他地方品种在基因型种类和优势单倍型频率上均存在差异。贵州禾q SH1基因型均属易落粒类型,不能解释其不易落粒的特性,推测qSH1另有调控机制或qSH1不是贵州禾落粒性的主要驯化位点。

SNP Analysis of the Regulation Region of Seed-shattering Gene qSH1 in Kam Sweet Rice

Kam Sweet Rice is a special kind of original ecological rice landrace in Southeast of Guizhou Province.In this paper,the sequence variations of qSH1 gene for rice seed shattering in 49 Kam Sweet Rice resources and112 other rice germplasms from 11 provinces of China,Japan and Korea were analyzed by upstream regulate region.The results showed that 161 rice accessions were grouped into 6 haplotypes based on the 13 variation sites in 696 bases.Haplotype H6 on the 12290 functional sites was T,which unfallen seeds.The rest of haplotypes on this sites were G and easy shattering.Guizhou rice landraces including Kam Sweet Rice had 6 haplotypes.The haplotype H5 was the dominant haplotype,and its frequency was 85.48%.Haplotypes H2,H3,and H5 were found in Yunnan rice landraces.The haplotype H3 was the dominant haplotype,with the frequency of 62.49%.Type of genotype and dominant haplotype were differences in rice landraces of Guizhou and Yunnan Province.Except the rice varieties of Guizhou and Yunnan Province,the rest of rice varieties were classified into haplotypes H5 and H6.Up to 80.95%of rice varieties in the north of China were classified into H6.In the South of China,85.71%of rice cultivars were classified into H5.Therefore,the dominant haplotype was difference in Northern and Southern China.A total of 49 Kam Sweet Rice were classified into haplotypes H1,H4 and H5.H1 and H4 only found in Kam Sweet Rice.H5 was the dominant haplotype with the proportion of 91.84%.13 another Guizhou rice landraces were classified into haplotypes H2,H3,H5 and H6.H5 also was the dominant haplotype with the proportion of 61.54%.Type of genotype and dominant haplotype were differences in Kam Sweet Rice and Guizhou rice landraces.The genotype of qSH1 can’t explanation for the trait of Kam Sweet Rice seed not easy shedding.It is speculated that q SH1 gene not main domestication site associated with seed shattering in Kam Sweet Rice.