Grain mould resistance and associated characters of sorghum genotypes |
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Authors: | S Audilakshmi JW Stenhouse TP Reddy MVR Prasad |
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Institution: | (1) International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, India;(2) Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India;(3) Directorate of Oil Seed Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India |
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Abstract: | Twenty-two sorghum genotypes were evaluated for grain mould response, 13 morphological and biochemical traits thought to contribute
to resistance, and 3 agronomic traits related to utilization. Measurements of grain mould (field grade score, threshed grade
score, ergosterol content, and percentage germination) were strongly correlated with one another. Highly significant correlations
between measures of grain mould and seed hardness, seed phenol content in acid methanol extract, and glume colour indicated
that they strongly affected grain mould response. Harder grain, higher levels of seed phenols, and darker glumes contributed
to grain mould resistance. Weaker and less consistent correlations between measures of grain mould and seed colour, seed flavan-4-ol
content, glume phenol and flavan-4-ol contents, and glume cover indicated relatively less effect of these traits on grain
mould response. Genotype means indicated that combinations of several traits are required to achieve resistance. Germplasm
lines, including coloured-seeded lines IS 14375, IS 14387, IS 18144, and IS 18528, and white-seeded lines IS 21443, IS 24495
and IS 25017, showed greatest grain mould resistance. Improved lines generally had poorer grain mould resistance than these
landraces. However, the best improved lines were comparable in resistance to white-seeded landraces. B58586, IS 14375 and
IS 14387 are hard-seeded guinea sorghum lines that can be used as sources of grain mould resistance for West Africa. SP 33316,
SP 33349 and GM 15018 are agronomically elite lines that can be used as sources of grain mould resistance for further improvement
of white-seeded sorghum for South Asia and other regions.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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Keywords: | ergosterol glume colour grain hardness phenols resistance mechanisms Sorghum bicolor |
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