江南花生地膜覆盖和灌溉的增减产效应研究

本文目的研究不同气候年型下，江南花生地膜覆盖栽培的适宜性。通过对江南花生种植进行地膜覆盖和生长中后期灌溉的田间试验表明，地膜覆盖在花生生长前期增温保墒，生育期明显提前，个体生长发育良好，生长后期降温保墒，提高经济性状。地膜覆盖增温保墒的增产率为58.4%，降温保墒的增产率为62.2%。在6月20日后采用灌溉处理，夏季高温干旱明显的2007年，旱地露地和覆膜、稻田露地产量比对照分别高出64.6%、37.2%、50.5%，稻田覆膜因土壤水分过多比对照减产40.2%。因此，出现高温干旱天气，及时灌溉能促进旱地栽培、稻田露地栽培花生生长和增产。降水过多会道导致稻田覆膜栽培花生减产，如果气象部门预报夏季降水偏多以连阴雨天气为主，应及时除去稻田地膜。

Effects of plastic film mulching and irrigation of peanut yield variation in South China

Field experiments were carried out to analyze the reasons for maize yield variation under plastic film mulching and irrigation conditon. The results show that plastic film mulching significantly increases soil temperature, promotes peanut growth,significantly speeds up phenostages of peanut before June 20,and peanut yields were 58.4% high than that of open-ground planting.After June 20, plastic film mulching significantly decreases soil temperature, keeps soil humidity,improves the economic character of peanut, and peanut yields were 62.2% high than that of open-ground planting.In 2007 with high temperatures and drought in summer, peanut yields of dyland with film hole irrigation were 64.6% high than that of contrast, peanut yields of dyland with common bare soil surface irrigation were 37.2% high than that of contrast,and peanut yields of paddyfield with common bare soil surface irrigation were 50.5% high than that of contrast, peanut yields of paddyfield with film hole irrigation were 40.2% lower than that of contrast.When high temperature and drought occured，irrigation of dyland and paddyfield in open field prmotes the growth and yield of peanut.Too much precipitation decreases yield of peanut planting paddyfield with plastic film mulching.The planting management of paddyfield with plastic film mulching depends on the forecast of meteorology department, plastic film should be eliminated when precipitation too much and continous rainfall in summer.