6种植物提取物对橘小实蝇生物活性的影响

采用超临界CO2萃取方法提取胡椒（Piper nigrum），菖蒲（Acorus calamus），石菖蒲（Acorus tatarinowii），黄檗（Phellodendron amurense），莲（Nelumbo nucifera），盐肤木(Rhus chinensis)等6种植物提取物，并测定提取物对橘小实蝇成虫的触杀和胃毒生物活性。结果表明，胡椒、菖蒲、石菖蒲提取物均对橘小实蝇成虫有很好的触杀作用，103.95 μg/cm2的浓度处理2 h后，校正死亡率分别为100%、96.67%、96.67%。进一步测定这3种植物提取物对橘小实蝇的触杀毒力，表明胡椒提取物对橘小实蝇的毒力最高，LC50的值为0.25 mg/mL。黄檗、盐肤木提取物触杀效果中等，莲未表现出触杀活性。胃毒活性测定试验中，胡椒提取物的效果最好，1.50 mg/mL浓度处理96 h后，其校正死亡率为84.44%，菖蒲和石菖蒲提取物的试虫校正死亡率分别为23.33%、26.67%。

Bioactivities of Extracts from Six Species Plants to the Bactrocera dorsalis

Extracted from 6 species plants by supercritical fluid CO 2,Piper nigrum,Acorus calamus,Acorus tatarinowii,Phellodendron amurense,Nelumbo nucifera,Rhus chinensis,were evaluated as contact effect and stomach poisoning activity to the oriental fruit fly adults.The results indicated that Piper nigrum,Acorus calamus and Acorus tatarinowii had stronger contact effect to the adults,at 103.95 μg/cm 2 treatment after 2 hours,the corrected mortality rates were 100%,96.67%,96.67%.Farther studied contact toxicity of extracts of these three species plants,the result indicated Piper nigrum had the strongest effect,the LC 50 was 0.25 mg/mL.The contact effects of Phellodendron amurense and Rhus chinensis were less strong,Nelumbo nucifera had no contact effect to the adults.On the study of stomach poisoning activity,Piper nigrum had the strongest effect,at 1.5 mg/mL treatment after 96 hours,the corrected mortality rate was 84.44%,Acorus calamus was 23.33%,Acorus tatarinowii was 26.67%.