四川冬小麦新品种（系）抗旱性鉴定及分析

干旱是四川麦区常发的自然灾害之一，培育抗旱性品种是一条抵御干旱既经济而又有效的途径。为探究四川麦区现有品种（系）的抗旱能力，采用小麦全生育期旱棚鉴定法，对四川省15个品种（系）进行抗旱性鉴定，并与北方抗旱品种‘洛旱7号’比较分析。根据国家《小麦抗旱性鉴定评价技术规范》标准，以籽粒产量抗旱指数为核心指标，以有效穗、千粒重、穗粒数及株高抗旱系数为重要参考指标。15个小麦新品种（系）中产量抗旱指数以‘川重组125’最高，抗旱能力较强；W138、‘10间236’、N08-51、BL227、‘川11131’、BL08512、10BMY12（杂交小麦）抗旱能力为中等；‘南30-7’、‘内3416’、L08-969、GHM3、‘南04-59’、HZ10-28、ym09-6抗旱能力处于较弱水平。在干旱胁迫下小麦各农艺性状均受损，但损伤程度存在差异。以株高受损最重，抗旱系数变幅在0.652~0.778之间；其次是有效穗，抗旱系数变幅在0.662~0.830之间；再次是穗粒数，抗旱系数变幅在0.724~0.866之间；最后是千粒重，抗旱系数变幅在0.807~1.013之间。从参试的15个小麦品种（系）来看，四川小麦品种与北方小麦品种相比，抗旱能力处于整体偏弱水平。

Identification and Analysis of Drought Resistance About New Wheat Varieties (Lines) in Sichuan Province

Drought is one of the frequent natural disasters in Sichuan. To cultivate drought-resistant varieties is an economical and effective way to prevent drought. In order to explore the Sichuan wheat varieties (lines) of the drought resistance ability, identification of drought resistance on 15 varieties is drought shed method, and ‘Luohan 7’ as check variety. According to the "Technical Specification of Identification and Evaluation for Drought Resistance in Wheat" standard, the drought resistance index of ‘Chuancongzu125’ was the highest in 15 varieties. The drought resistant ability of W138, ‘10Jian236’, N08-51, BL227, ‘Chuan11131’, BL08512 and 10BMY12 were the medium level. The drought resistant ability of ‘Nan 30-7’, ‘Nei 3416’, L08-969, GHM3, ‘Nan 04-59’, HZ10-28 and Ym09-6 were all in weak level. The results showed that, the plant height was the worst affected by drought, drought resistance coefficient variation between 0.652-0.778, followed by effective panicles, drought resistance coefficient variation between 0.662-0.830, then grains per spike, drought resistance coefficient variation between 0.724-0.866, and finally 1000-grain weight, drought resistance coefficient variation between 0.807-1.013. According to the 15 wheat varieties (lines) results, the drought resistance of Sichuan wheat varieties was weaker than north wheat cultivars.