人工湿地系统对农业面源污染TN/TP的消减作用——以安吉县深溪河小流域为例

为了解在浙北山区小流域特定的自然条件下，人工水塘-湿地复合系统对农业面源污染的治理效果，通过连续采样和跟踪监测的方法，研究了安吉县深溪河小流域内人工水塘-湿地耦合系统对农业面源污染中TN和TP等污染物的削减效果。结果表明：2012年5—10月中张溪人工水塘进水TN浓度为3.7~6.4 mg/L，对TN的去除率为9.9%~63.4%，且去除效果受进水TN浓度的影响较大；中张溪人工渠进水TN浓度在2.5~5.1 mg/L之间，对TN的去除率为5.0%~48.1%；洪家村人工塘和深溪村人工塘对农田水TP去除率均在30%以上，且在人工塘进水TP浓度较高的时期，去除效果较好；洪家村深溪河下游湿地对污染水体TN、TP的净化效果较好，对TN的去除率为25.0%~96.0%，对TP的去除率为21.8%~98.1%。该区人工水塘-湿地复合系统全年平均TN去除率达到60.4%，最高达到86.8%，平均TP去除率为78.6%，最高达94.9%，对深溪河流域面源污染的治理具有较好的效果。

Study on the Control of TN and TP for Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution by Ponds-Wetlands Combined System: An Example of Shenji River Watershed in Anji County

In order to understand the control effect of agricultural non-point source pollution by the artificial ponds-wetlands combined system at small watershed within specific natural conditions in north Zhejiang Province, the author studied the control effect of agricultural non-point source pollution of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) and other pollutants by artificial ponds-wetlands coupled systems in Shenxi River watershed in Anji County through continuous sampling and monitoring. The results showed that: from May to October in 2012, the Zhongzhang River artificial pond water TN concentration was 3.7-6.4 mg/L, the TN removal rate was 9.9%-63.4%, and its removal efficiency of TN was strongly influenced by water TN concentration; the Zhongzhang River artificial channels water TN concentrations between 2.5-5.1 mg/L, the TN removal rate was 5.0%-48.1%; the TP removal rate were mainly over 30% in the artificial pond at Hong Village and Shenxi Village, and when the TP concentration of artificial pond water was higher, it also had a better removal effect; the purification effect of TN and TP was better at Hong Village, Shenxi River downstream wetlands, the TN removal rate was 25.0%-96.0%, and removal rate of TP was 21.8%-98.1%. The combined system of artificial ponds-wetlands annual average TN removal rate was 60.4%, the highest rate reached 86.8%, the average TP removal rate was 78.6%, the highest rate reached 94.9%, and Shenxi River watershed non-point source pollution management achieved good effect by the artificial wetlands combined system.