轿子山自然保护区森林生态系统服务功能价值评估

森林作为陆地生态系统的主体,在全球生态系统中发挥举足轻重的作用,其服务功能价值越来越受到人们的重视。以轿子山自然保护区的森林生态系统为研究对象,从物质量与价值量的角度,采用影子工程法、机会成本法、市场价值法等研究方法,对其生态系统服务功能的直接价值和间接价值进行了评估。结果表明,轿子山自然保护区森林生态系统服务功能价值达3.67×108元/年,其单位面积的经济价值为22274.65元(/hm2·年),其中直接价值为895.17×104元/年,仅占到服务功能总价值的2.44%,而间接价值高达3.58×108元/年,两者之比1:39.95,间接价值中大小顺序依次为:土壤保持涵养水源维持生物多样性净化空气固碳释氧科研文化。轿子山自然保护区面积仅占到东川区和禄劝县总面积的3.09%,但贡献的生态服务价值可相当于两区县2008年GDP之和的6.60%,从人均来看,当地每人每年可获得其生态服务价值达470.69元。研究结果表明,轿子山自然保护区对维持当地可持续发展具有举足轻重的作用。

Value of Forest Ecosystem Services of Jiaozi Mountain Natural Reserve, China

Forest plays an important role as the main body of land ecosystem in global ecosystem. The research on forest ecosystem services evaluation has been the focus of discussion. In this paper, it was assessed the direct and indirect ecological service values, a case study of forest ecosystem in Jiaozi Mountain Natural Reserve, using shadow engineering method, opportunity cost method, market value method and other methods. The results prove that the ecosystem services value of the natural reserve is 3.67×10^8 yuan/a, economic value of per unit area is 22 274.65 yuan/（ hm^2. a）, direct value is 895.17×10^4 yuan/a, accounting for only 2.44% of the total, indirect value is over 3.58×10^8 yuan/a, the ratio of direct value to indirect value is 1：39.95, the order of indirect value of ecosystem service is： erosion control 〉 water conservation 〉 provisioning of habit 〉 air quality purifying 〉 C fixation and O2 release 〉 scientific and culture. Despite the Jiaozi Mountain Natural Reserve takes only 3.09% in total area of the Dongchuan District and Luquan County, the ecosystem services value accounts for 6.60% of total GDP in Dongchuan District and Luquan County in 2008. For each local individual, the available ecosystem services value can reach 470.69 yuan/a. In conclusion, the Jiaozi Mountain Natural Reserve plays a decisive role in maintaining the sustainable development for the local society.