黑龙港流域夏玉米肥料效应与养分平衡利用研究

为了研究黑龙港流域典型农业县域玉米施肥产量效应及土壤养分利用平衡状况，以夏玉米为供试材料，设计不同氮磷钾用量水平处理，开展田间试验。结果表明：施肥可显著增加夏玉米产量，且在本区域内，氮磷钾三大元素中，玉米产量对氮素最为敏感，其次为钾，最后为磷；随着氮磷钾肥用量增多，土壤中氮磷钾盈余随之增加。研究中夏玉米氮磷钾肥利用率为10.0%~31.6%、13.3%~23.3%和52.5%~60%。综合考虑产量、养分平衡和吸收利用情况，推荐本区县域氮磷钾合理用量为：N 225~255 kg/hm2，P2O5 60~75 kg/hm2，K2O 120 kg/hm2。

Fertilizer Effect and Nutrients Balance Use of Summer Maize in Heilonggang Valley

The authors studied the response of summer maize to different N, P and K levels and nutrients balance use in Heilonggang valley. The results showed that: the yield of summer maize significantly increased under fertilizer application. The response of yield indicated that N was the first remarkable factor, K was second and P was third. With the increased application amount of NPK, the excess amounts of NPK in soil were increased. The fertilizer use efficiency of NPK was 10.0%- 31.6% , 13.3%- 23.3% and 52.5%- 60% , respectively. Based on comprehensive consideration of yield, nutrients balance and nutrient uptake and utilization, the N, P2O5 and K2O fertilizer rate should be 225-255 kg/hm2, 60-75 kg/hm2 and 120 kg/hm2, respectively.