不同辐射强度对大豆M1代重要农艺性状的影响

为研究不同强度的⁶⁰Co γ射线对大豆重要农艺性状的辐照效应,明确适宜辐照剂量,本研究以淮豆13为材料,选取3种⁶⁰Co γ射线辐照剂量(200 Gy、300 Gy和400 Gy)进行诱变处理。结果表明,不同辐照剂量均明显地降低了M1代群体的田间出苗率和成活率,且随着剂量的增加,出苗率和成活率不断降低,与对照(CK)相比,出苗率和成活率的变化幅度分别为44.34%-18.07%和24.45%-0.89%,其中400 Gy降幅最大；不同剂量处理对大豆始花期均有不同程度的延迟作用,比对照推迟3-5天开花,其中400 Gy对开花期影响最大,延迟时间达到5天；不同剂量处理对M1代群体株高、主茎节数、有效分枝数、单株荚数等重要农艺性状表现为剂量越高,表型差异越大；三种剂量中,300 Gy处理的M1代群体大小适中,且各种极端分化类型均具有一定的比例,表型变异较为丰富,获得目标性状的几率较大,适宜大豆突变体库构建。本研究结果为进一步构建不同类型的大豆突变体库以及深入开展功能基因组学研究提供了重要参考。

Radiation Intensities Affect Important Agronomic Characters of Soybean M1 Generation

To study the radiation effects of different intensities of 60Co γ- rays on important agronomic characters of soybean and determine the suitable radiation dose, soybean variety‘Huaidou 13’was used as material and radiated by using 200 Gy, 300 Gy and 400 Gy of γ- rays. The results showed that different radiation dosages significantly reduced the field seedling emergence rate and survival rate of M1 generation population. As the dosage increasing, the emergence rate and survival rate decreased. Compared with the control (CK), the variation range of emergence rate and survival rate was 18.07%-44.34% and 0.89%-24.45%, respectively. Meanwhile, radiation delayed the initial flowering stage of soybean from 3 to 5 days and the maximum delay effect showed up when treated with 400 Gy of radiation. By the same token, radiation affected some other important agronomic traits of M1 generation population, such as plant height, main stem number, effective branch number and pod number per plant, which turned out that the stronger of radiation intensity, the greater of difference in phenotype was. M1 generation group was moderate in size, extreme differentiation types had a certain proportion, phenotypic variation was abundant, and probability of obtaining target traits was high when treated with 300 Gy of radiation, which was suitable for the construction of soybean mutant library. The results of the study provide a foundation for constructing various types of soybean mutant libraries and further research on functional genomics.