施氮量对荞麦产量及品质的影响

本试验以两个荞麦品种为试验材料,研究了5个施氮水平对荞麦产量及品质的影响。结果表明：随着施氮水平的增加,两种荞麦品种在产量和品质上均表现出先上升后下降的趋势,且在施氮量为90 kg.hm-2时表现最佳。其中,苦荞“黑丰1号”的株高、主茎分支数和主茎节数与对照相比显著(P&;amp;lt;0.05)提高,分别增加了23.21%,15.63%,9.80%；甜荞“六桥1号”分别提高了8.48%,15.29%,14.00%。与产量相关的构成要素也有大幅度的上升,90 kg.hm-2施N处理下为最高,产量表现也最高,且品种间产量差异较大。品质方面,90 kg.hm-2处理增加了两个荞麦品种的蛋白质含量、淀粉含量、粗脂肪含量和总黄酮含量,显著(P&;amp;lt;0.05)高于对照。因此,在本试验条件下,适宜的施N量(90 kg.hm-2)对荞麦的产量和品质有很好的促进作用,值得推广应用。

Effect of Nitrogen Application on Yield and Quality of Buckwheat

The aim is to study the effect of different nitrogen applications on the yield and quality of buckwheat, and screen the optimum fertilizer application amount in buckwheat planting in the eastern farming areas of Qinghai. Field experiments were conducted by using sweet buckwheat‘Liuqiao1’and tartary buckwheat‘Heifeng1’; the growth period, yield and the components of yield were detected under 5 nitrogen levels; meanwhile, the seed quality was also analyzed. The results showed that, with the increase of the nitrogen, the yield and quality of the two buckwheat varieties first increased and then decreased; the best performance appeared when the nitrogen was 90 kg/hm2. For tartary buckwheat‘Heifeng1’, the plant height, the number of main stem brunches and the number of main stem nodes were significantly higher compared with CK (P<0.05), increasing by 23.21%, 15.63%, 9.80% respectively; while those of sweet buckwheat‘Liuqiao1’ increased by 8.48% , 15.29% and 14% respectively. Also, the components related to the yield increased greatly, the yield performance was the best when the nitrogen application was 90 kg/hm2, the yield was also the highest, and the differences of yield among varieties were relatively large. In quality, the 90 kg/hm2 treatment increased the protein content, starch content, crude fat content and flavone content of the two buckwheat varieties, which was significantly higher than that of CK. Therefore, under the experimental conditions, the nitrogen 90 kg/hm2 treatment has a good promoting effect on the yield and quality of buckwheat, and it is worth popularizing and applying.