出口型香菇菌株亲缘关系分析及品比

为了选育更适宜香菇菌棒出口的品种菌株,作者采用rDNAITS序列分析了5个出口型香菇菌棒菌株的亲缘关系,并选择代表性菌株与国内几个主栽品种进行品比试验和国外适应性出菇栽培。结果表明,5个出口型香菇菌株具有一定的遗传多样性,可以分别聚为2个类群,其中菌株qh01、qh04、qh05和qh06聚为一组,说明这几个菌株具有较近的亲缘关系;而菌株qh02单独聚为一组,表明该菌株与其他几个菌株亲缘关系较远。从品比试验和适应性栽培试验结果来看,各菌株表现出明显的差异性,而其中2个用于菌棒出口的菌株qh02和qh06,无论是在生长速度、出菇产量及子实体性状上,还是国外适应性出菇栽培上,都明显优于其他菌株,表明这2个菌株是适合作为菌棒出口的菌株。

The Phylogenetic Relationship of Several Varieties for Export of Lentinula edodes and Comparative Experiment of Cultivation

In order to select and breed new varieties of Lentinula edodes for export, the phylogenetic relationship of several strains of L. edodes was analyzed based on ribosomal DNA ITS sequences, and comparative experiments of cultivation between the two selected strains and some others cultivated in China were also investigated. The results indicated the moderate genetic diversity among these strains for export, and they could be clustered into two groups. The strains qh01, qh04, qh05 and qh06 were clustered into one group, which indicated a close phylogenetic relationship within the group. However, the single strain qh02 was clustered into another group, which inferred a far phylogenetic relationship with other strains. Comparative experiments showed various agronomic traits among the tested strains, and especially, the two strains qh02 and qh06, showed excellent agronomic traits, and consequently inferred that the two strains were suitable for export.