桃叶片POD、SOD、CAT活性与树体矮化和生长的关系

为探讨矮化桃树的酶学机制，笔者以普通型桃-春艳、短枝型桃-超红短枝和极矮化型桃-寿星桃叶片为试材，对其生长期中过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性与树体矮化和生长的关系进行了研究，以期为桃树矮化密植、丰产优质和优良短枝型品种的选育提供理论依据。结果表明，三种生长类型桃叶片内POD、SOD、CAT活性均达到了极显著水平，但季节性变化规律相似；酶活性的大小与桃树的矮化程度密切相关，即极矮化型桃的酶活性〉短枝型桃的〉普通型桃的，且POD的活性与树体生长势在三类型桃间均呈显著负相关；超红短枝叶片内SOD活性和寿星桃叶片内CAT活性与其对应的节间长度间的差异均达到了显著负相关水平。所以POD活性可以作为矮化品种的一个预选指标。

Studies on the Correlation between POD、 SOD、 CAT Activity in Leaves and Dwarf、 Growth of Peach Trees

In order to discussing enzymology mechanism of dwarf、 affording theoretical basis to choose and breed excellent dwarf cultivars which have the virtues of dwarf density planting、high quantity and quality, the general type of peach “Chunyan”，spur type “Super red spur” and dwarf type “P.persica var.densa ” were used to study the correlation between correlative enzyme activity of POD、SOD、CAT in leaves of peach and length of internodes in different growing type peaches．The results showed that the enzyme activity in different type peach leaves had similar changing rule; the activity difference of POD、SOD、CAT in leaves of peach among different type peaches all achieved fearfully marked level; the correlation between the enzyme activity and dwarf level was tight, and the enzyme activity of dwarf type in peach leaves>spur type >general type; it had marked negative correlation between the activity of POD and length of internodes in three types peaches、the activity of SOD and length of internodes in “Super red spur”、the activity of CAT and length of internodes in “P.persica var.dens ”. So the activity of POD can be considered as an index in choosing dwarf cultivar.