不同有机物料对烤烟根系特征及氮磷钾积累量的影响

为探索不同有机物料对烤烟根系特征及地上部氮磷钾积累量的作用效果,以‘云烟87’为材料,采用盆栽试验,研究了汽爆秸秆、草炭和生物炭3种有机物料对植烟土壤理化特性、根系特征以及地上部N、P、K积累量的影响。结果表明：添加有机物料,尤其是添加生物炭和草炭后,植烟土壤容重和总孔隙度等物理性状得到明显改善;与汽爆秸秆相比生物炭或草炭处理下层土壤、距主根轴较远土壤内的根长密度更大,一级侧根和不定根发育更好;有机物料处理后土壤中的有机质、碱解氮、速效磷以及速效钾含量显著提高,其中以生物炭和草炭处理效果最明显;根系特征与植株地上部N、P、K积累量间的典型相关性分析表明,两者间存在正向相关性,相关性达0.999。有机物料能够改善土壤性状,增加土壤有效养分含量,促进根系发育、深扎和扩散,提高地上部的氮磷钾积累量,其中以生物炭处理效果最显著,其次是草炭。

Effects of Different Organic Materials on Root Characteristics and Accumulation of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium in Flue-cured Tobacco

To explore the effects of different organic materials on the root characteristics and the aboveground part NPK accumulation of flue-cured tobacco, the effects of three organic materials, namely steam explosion straw, peat and biochar, on the physical and chemical properties of the tobacco soil, tobacco root characteristics and the aboveground part NPK accumulation were investigated in a pot experiment with ‘Yunyan 87’ as the material. The results show that the physical properties of tobacco plant soil, such as soil bulk density and total porosity, are significantly improved by the addition of organic materials, especially biochar and peat. The root length density is greater in the lower soil layer and soil farther from the main root axis, and the development of primary lateral roots and adventitious roots is better under biochar or peat treatment compared with those under steam explosion straw treatment. Organic matter, alkaline N, available phosphorus and available potassium content in the soil are significantly increased after organic material treatment, with the most obvious effect observed in biochar and peat treatment. The typical correlation between root characteristics and plant NPK accumulation shows that there is a positive correlation of 0.999. Organic materials could improve soil properties, increase effective nutrient content, promote root development, deep rooting and diffusion, and increase the aboveground part NPK accumulation, with the most significant effect of biochar treatment, followed by peat treatment.