锰对小茴香生长及精油含量与组分的影响

研究旨在为提高小茴香精油含量和改善精油成分比例的栽培技术制定提供参考。以内蒙古小茴香为材料，采用砂培法，以Hoagland营养液为基肥，设计0 mg/L(CK)、22.3 mg/L(N1)、44.6 mg/L(N2)、66.9 mg/L(N3)和89.2 mg/L(N4)5个施锰水平，探讨不同施锰水平对小茴香植株生长、叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白质含量以及精油含量和组分的影响。N1~N4处理小茴香株高较CK分别高2.4、6.0、6.8、9.4 cm。地上鲜重及干重最高的是N1处理，分别达(71.65±1.79)、(8.15±0.73) g。随锰浓度增加小茴香全碳、全氮、叶绿素含量及可溶性糖含量均呈现出先增加后降低的趋势。施用不同水平的锰主要影响小茴香精油主成分反式茴香脑相对含量，且N1处理效果最好。N1浓度锰能够促进小茴香的生长发育，且可提高小茴香精油主成分反式茴香脑和萜品油烯含量。

Effect of Manganese on Fennel Growth, Essential Oil Contents and Components

Abstract: In order to provide cultivation techniques reference for improving the essential oil contents and components of fennel, our research took Inner Mongolia fennel as materials, and Hoagland nutrient solution as base fertilizer, designed 5 different manganese application levels 0 mg/L(CK), 22.3 mg/L(N1), 44.6 mg/L(N2), 66.9 mg/L(N3) and 89.2 mg/L(N4) respectively]. Based on sand culture method, this paper explor the effects of different manganese levels on the fennel growth, chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content, and essential oil contents and components. The results showed that: the plant heights of treatment N1-N4 were higher than contrast (2.4, 6.0, 6.8, 9.4 cm respectively). Fresh weight and dry matter weight of shoot of treatment N1 were the highest (71.65±4.79), (8.15±0.73) g respectively]. Besides, more manganese applying, total nitrogen, total carbon, chlorophyll content, soluble protein content of fennel were increased at the beginning, and then became lower. The effects of different manganese applications on essential oil of fennel mainly turn to the relative content of (E)-anethole, and the best treatment was N1. Treatment N1 could promote the growth and improve the relative content of (E)-anethole and terpinolene of fennel.