福州地区植物青枯病菌生理分化的研究

从福建省福州市的3个郊县（区）采集分离茄科作物青枯病菌青枯雷尔氏菌（Ralstonia solanacearum）菌株17个。对其中具代表性的7株用剪叶法接种鉴别寄主的结果表明，来自番茄、茄子、生姜和辣椒的青枯雷尔氏菌均属于生理小种1。对17个菌株根据其对乳糖、麦芽糖、纤维二糖和甘露醇、山梨醇、卫茅醇的利用能力以及对硝酸盐还原作用的测定结果表明：5个菌株属于生化型I，占29.4%；分别有1个菌株属于生化型II、III和IV；另有9个菌株不完全符合Hayward（1964）和何礼远（1983）的5个生化型标准，其中2株菌株能利用3 种双糖和甘露醇及山梨醇而不能利用甜醇,暂定为生化型Ⅲ-1。在供试的12个番茄青枯雷尔氏菌株中，4个为生化型I，2个为生化型III-1，1个为生化型IV，其余5个不符合生化型标准；供试的1个生姜青枯雷尔氏菌株不符合生化型标准；供试的2个茄子青枯雷尔氏菌株分别属于生化型II和III；供试的2个辣椒青枯雷尔氏菌株中，1个为生化型I，1个不符合生化型标准。

Study on Physiological Specialization of Ralstonia solanacearum in Fuzhou Area, Fujian Province

17 strains of Ralstonia solanacearum were isolated from bacterial wilt plants in three counties (or cities) in Fuzhou area, Fujian Province. The results of inoculation experiment on identification hosts showed that the tested 7 strains from tomato, eggplant, ginger and capsicum belonged to physiological race 1. Based on the capacity of the 17 strains utilizing lactose, maltose, cellobiose, mannitol sorbitol, duleitok and the reduction ability to KNO3, 5 strains (29.4%) were classified as biovar I and 3 strains belonged to biovar II, III and IV respectively, while the rest 9 stains didn’t accord with the five biovar standard of Hayward (1964) and He Liyuan (1983), among which two strains were determined temporarily as biovar III-1 due to they could utilize lactose, maltose, cellobiose, mannitol and sorbitol, but not duleitok. Among the tested 12 strains Ralstonia solanacearum from tomato, four were defined as biovar I, two as biovar III-1, one as biovar I, and the rest five didn’t accord with the standard. The tested 1 strain from ginger didn’t accord with the standard. The tested 2 strains from eggplant belonged to biovar II and III, respectively. Between the tested 2 strains from capsicum, one was biovar I and the other one didn’t accord to the standard.