红高粱壳色素的提取工艺及结构的初步分析

分别考察了溶剂种类、浓度、酸度及提取时间、温度等因素对提取红高粱壳色素的影响，利用正交实验（L934）确定了红高粱壳色素最佳提取条件，并对红高粱和紫黑高梁色素溶液的紫外可见光谱进行分析。正交实验确定的红高粱壳色素最佳提取工艺是加热温度为80℃、浓度为75%pH=2的乙醇溶液、固液比为1﹕100、加热时间为2h。红、紫黑两种高粱壳色素溶液在可见光区的最大吸收峰分别是494nm和499nm，通过对紫外光谱数据的分析，初步确定红高粱色素含有二氢黄酮或二氢黄酮醇类物质。

Extraction Method and Composition Analyse of Red Pigment of Sorghum

The best extracted method and structure of red sorghum pigment were studied to provide experimental date for the development and application. The effect factors of extracted rate of red sorghum pigment, such as chroma, acidity, temperature and extraction time was tested respectively by refluxing extracted method. The best extracted method of red sorghum pigment was selected by the orthogonal experiment （L934）. Pigment solution of red sorghum and purple black sorghum was scanned at the wavelength range of 180-800 nm. The orthogonal experiment define that the best extraction method of pigment of red sorghum were 80℃,75% （v/v） alcohol, a 2.0 of pH value, the ratio of solid to liquid of 1：100 g/mL, extraction time of 2 h. The biggest absorption peak wavelength of pigment solution from red and purple black of sorghum is 494 nm and 499 nm respectively in the visible light area. Preliminary identify pigment of red sorghum includes the flavanones or flavanonols substance by analyzing the ultraviolet spectrograph data. Spectral date is different between red sorghum and purple black sorghum pigment solution in the visible light area, also different between red sorghum pigment and flavones or flavonols （rutin） solution.