蚓粪基质对番茄生长和品质的影响

将餐余蚓粪或猪粪蚓粪与泥炭、珍珠岩、蛭石按不同体积比例分别复配成番茄生长基质,以常规基质作为对照,分析不同基质对番茄生长和品质的影响,筛选出适合番茄生长的蚓粪基质配方,为畜禽粪便和餐余废弃物的资源化利用提供技术支撑。结果表明,猪粪蚓粪或餐余蚓粪复配的生长基质的理化性质优良,均适合番茄生长。综合来看,所有处理中,以40%蚓粪添加量的T5（40%餐余蚓粪+20%泥炭+15%珍珠岩+25%蛭石）和T6（40%猪粪蚓粪+20%泥炭+15%珍珠岩+25%蛭石）处理效果最佳,与CK相比,T5、T6处理的番茄果实单果重分别增加102.84%、95.05%,Vc含量分别增加了76.64%、77.16%,可溶性蛋白含量分别增加了1.27、1.35 mg/g,可溶性糖含量分别增加6.73、10.54 mg/g,T5处理的有机酸含量降低了23.40%。T5处理与T6处理的总体效果相当,可以达到市场对基质的要求,该配方可推荐用于番茄工厂化基质生产。

Effects of Vermicompost Substrate on Tomato Growth and Quality

To provide technical support for the resource utilization of livestock manures and food wastes, the tomato growth substrate was made with food waste vermicompost or pig manure vermicompost, peat, perlite and vermiculite in different proportions, and then using conventional substrate as controls, the best vermicompost substrate was selected through the analysis of the growth and quality of tomato. The results showed that, the physical and chemical properties of the growth substrate made up of pig manure vermicompost and food waste vermicompost were good, which were suitable for tomato growth. Overall, in all treatments, T5(40% food waste vermicompost+ 20% peat+ 15% perlite+ 25% vermiculite) and T6(40% pig manure vermicompost+ 20% peat+ 15% perlite+ 25% vermiculite) treatment with 40% vermicompost had the best effect, compared with CK, the fruit weight of T5 and T6 increased by 102.84% and 95.05%, Vc content increased by 76.64% and 77.16%, soluble protein content increased by 1.27 and 1.35 mg/g respectively, soluble sugar content increased by 6.73 and 10.54 mg/g respectively, and organic acid content of T5 decreased by 23.40%. T5 and T6 treatment have the same overall effect, which can meet the requirements of the market, and the formula can be recommended for factory production of tomato substrate.