湖北省蚕桑主产区桑园施肥状况调查

对湖北省蚕桑主产区44个有代表性的桑园养分管理现状进行了调查。结果表明：主产区桑园施用有机肥的比例为75.0%，所有桑园均施用一定量的化肥。全省桑园氮（N）、磷（P2O5）、钾（K2O）平均施用量分别为453.0、114.0和175.5 kg/hm2，其中由有机肥提供的氮、磷、钾分别占总投入的25.5%、69.7%和87.2%，养分施用的N:P2O5:K2O比例为1:0.25:0.39。鄂东蚕区的肥料用量明显高于鄂北和鄂西南蚕区。桑园NPK养分投入量相差很大：施氮(N)量 > 600 kg/hm2的桑园比例为15.9%，而22.7%的桑园年施氮量 < 150 kg/hm2；施磷(P2O5)量>225 kg/hm2的桑园比例为6.8%，施磷<75 kg/hm2或不施磷的桑园比例为22.7%；施钾(K2O)量 > 300 kg/hm2的样本比例占15.9%，而全年未施钾肥的桑园比例高达25.0%。湖北省桑园全年施肥次数以1次和2次的比例最高，分别为25.0%和63.6%，反映出桑园施肥次数偏少。

Investigation of Fertilization on Mulberry in Main Product Area of Hubei Province

An investigation of nutrients management on mulberry was carried out including 44 mulberry orchards distributed in main product area in Hubei province. It was showed that 75.0 and 100 percent mulberry orchards was applied organic manure and inorganic fertilizer. The average N, P2O5 and K2O application rates were 453.0kg/hm2, 114.0kg/hm2 and 175.5kg/hm2, respectively, which ratio was 1:0.25:0.39. Organic resource N, P and K account for 25.5%, 69.7% and 87.2%. The result illuminated that N, P and K applied rates in east Hubei were larger than that of in other main area. The results showed that N application rate over 600 kg/hm2 orchards was 15.9 percent while below 150 kg/hm2 was 22.7 percent, P2O5 application rate over 225 kg/hm2 orchards was 6.8 percent while below 75 kg/hm2 was 22.7 percent, and K2O application rate over 300 kg/hm2 orchards was 15.9 percent while no 22.7 percent orchards without any K applied. The investigation demonstrated that 25.5 and 63.6 percent orchards applied fertilizer once and twice in whole year which reflected mulberry fertilization times was too few.