光敏色素研究进展

综述了自20世纪20年代光敏色素被发现以来的研究概况及进展。主要包括：（1）光敏色素作为主要光受体在调节从种子萌发到器官衰老的植物生长过程中所发挥的作用；（2）光敏色素的5种不同基因型及基因同源性和主要的反应方式，尤其是光敏色素的主要分子基因PhyA和PhyB在反应方式上的区别；（3）从生物化学和分子水平阐述了光敏色素的生理功能，其中包括光敏色素对细胞生长的调节，光敏色素是如何通过调节光周期反应进而调节了生长和开花的，光敏色素对基因表达的调控以及光敏色素与植物激素协同作用于植物生长和育性等；（4）虽然迄今为止人们极少研究光敏色素和植物激素在苜蓿秋眠中的作用，但对此方面提出了研究展望。

Advances in Researches on Phytochrome

The paper has summarized surveys and advances in research on phytochrome since 1920s' it was discovered, including as follows:(1) Phytochrome plays important roles in the process of plant growth as main photoreceptors which regulate plant growth from seed germination to organ decrepitude;(2)There are five different genotypes of phytochrome, gene homologies and main reaction modes,especially distinguishing on reaction modes of molecular genes PhyA and PhyB of phytochrome; (3)It expatiated physiological functions of phytochromes at biochemistry and molecular level which included regulating on cell developments of phytochromes, how to regulate growth and blossom by regulating photoperiod reactions, gene expression regulations and synergistic effects on plant growth and fertility of phytochrome and plant hormone et cetera;(4)Although people have hardly studied effects on alfalfa fall dormancy of phytochrome and plant hormone so far, this paper brought forward prospects of research at this aspect.