不同栽培模式对早稻—再生稻头季稻籽粒灌浆特性和ATP酶活性的影响

为了揭示不同栽培措施对再生稻产量的影响,阐明超高产栽培模式实现高产的生理原因,采用超高产栽培模式并以常规栽培模式作为对照进行比较试验,研究不同栽培模式下早稻—再生稻头季稻籽粒灌浆特性和ATP酶活性的变化。结果表明,与常规栽培模式相比,超高产栽培模式头季稻强、弱势粒的生长潜势强,灌浆最大生长速率出现的时间早,灌浆速率在整个灌浆期的前、中、后3个阶段均较高,活跃灌浆时间较短,强、弱势粒较早进入灌浆盛期,同时,整个灌浆期头季稻强、弱势粒的Mg2＋-ATP和Ca2＋-ATP酶活性超高产栽培模式也都较常规栽培模式的高,尤其是在籽粒灌浆的快速增长阶段,超高产栽培模式的明显高于常规栽培模式,因而其头季籽粒灌浆呈现出灌浆起动快、灌浆强度大、灌浆后期＂拉力＂足的特点,从而有利于有机物质向穗部运输,这是超高产栽培模式头季实现大穗、多穗、粒饱、结实率高的籽粒灌浆特性和生理原因。

Grain Filling Characteristics and ATP Enzyme Activity Effects of the First Rice Crop Under Different Cultivation Patterns for Early Rice and Its Ratoonal Crop

Aiming to search for the influence of different cultivation patterns upon the ratooning rice yield andclarify the physiobiochemical mechanism of super high-yield under super high-yield cultivation practice, thispaper studied their grain filling characteristics and ATP enzyme activity of the first rice crop by comparing thetwo cultivation practices： super high- yield cultivation practice and tradition one. The result showed thatcompared with traditional cultivation pattern, superior and inferior grains of the first rice crop under superhigh-yield cultivation pattern had stronger initial grain-filling potential, earlier maximum filling rate, highergrain-filling rate and shorter grain-filling duration. In the period of grain-filling, Mg2 ＋-ATPase and Ca2 ＋-ATPase activities of the first crop＇s superior and inferior grains under super high-yield cultivation patternwere higher than those under traditional cultivation pattern, especially in the phases of rapid raise after tassel.So the grain-filling of the first rice crop under super high-yield cultivation pattern displayed the features ofearlier filling initiation, higher grain-filling intensities and higher pull in the late grain-filling stage, whichcontributed to the transportation of more organic matter to panicles. All these were the reasons inphysiobiochemistry and grain-filling characteristics why the first rice crop under super high-yield cultivationpattern had more panicles per plant, more grains per panicle, more height of grain and higher percentage offilled grains.