不同施肥模式对夏玉米产量及生长发育的影响

研究不同施肥模式对玉米产量和生长发育影响,探讨玉米最佳机械化施肥模式,为玉米全程机械化生产提供依据。连续2年在河南不同生态区进行多点试验,以‘郑单958’为材料,设置4种施肥模式,比较不同施肥模式下夏玉米产量及生长发育等。结果显示,与对照传统模式比,机械2次施肥的产量和氮肥效率均增加8.8%,穗粒数增加5.9%,千粒重增加1.2%,最终干物质增加9.8%,果穗性状也有一定幅度提高;与经验模式比,机械2次施肥的产量、干物质、果穗性状、氮肥效率等指标与之接近。由此得出,机械2次施肥是较理想的玉米机械化施肥模式。

Effects of Different Fertilization Mode on Yield and Growth and Development of Summer Maize

The paper aims to study different fertilization mode on yield and growth and development of maize,explore the best mechanization fertilization mode and provide the basis for the whole course mechanization pro-duction of maize. Experiments were conducted in different ecological zones in Henan for two consecutive yearswith‘Zhengdan958＇as the material, and four fertilization modes were set to compare yield and growth and de-velopment of summer maize. The results showed that, compared to CK, the yield and nitrogen use efficiency oftwice mechanization fertilization mode increased 8.8% and the kernel number per spike increased 5.9%, the1000-kernel weight increased 1.2%, the plant dry matter increased 9.8% and ear characters increased to a cer-tain extant. The yield and yield components, dry matter, ear characters and nitrogen use efficiency of twicemechanization fertilization mode were similar to that of empirical mode. The twice mechanization fertilizationmode was an ideal field mechanization fertilization model.