基于TOPSIS原理的石灰岩山地不同树种景观与生态效益分析

为解决石灰岩山地荒山绿化遴选景观与生态效益优良的树种问题,以鲁中南山地典型石灰岩山地的9种10年生树种为研究对象,采用野外调查与室内相结合的方法,从树种的季相变化、观赏价值、树形、植物种类、绿视率、郁闭度、通透距离、冠幅、植株高度9个方面研究景观效益,从枯落物总蓄积量、土壤容重、土壤总孔隙度、增加的贮水量、渗透速率、减蚀量、有机质、碳汇量8个方面研究生态效益。基于TOPSIS原理,对不同树种之间的景观与生态效益进行综合评定,筛选出适合石灰岩山地栽种的优良树种。研究表明,9种树种中,五角枫的景观与生态效益最好,刺槐和黄连木次之。该研究有助于提升石灰岩山地森林质量,更好地发挥森林的多功能效益。

Landscape and Ecological Benefit Analysis of Tree Species in Limestone Mountains Based on TOPSIS Method

To select tree species for landscape greening and achieve ecological benefits of barren hills in limestone mountains, we took nine species of 10-year-old tree in the typical limestone mountainous area of central southern Shandong Province as research objects, and studied the landscape and ecological benefits by field sampling and quantitative analysis. The landscape benefits were evaluated from the seasonal variation, ornamental value, tree shape, plant species, green view index, canopy closure, penetration distance, crown width and plant height of the tree species, and the ecological benefits were evaluated from litter stock volume, soil bulk density, total soil porosity, increased water storage, permeation rate, amount of erosion, organic matter, carbon sink. Then excellent tree species suitable for planting in limestone mountains were selected. The results showed that among the nine tree species, the landscape and ecological benefits of Acer mono were the best, followed by that of Robinia pseudoacacia and Pistacia chinensis. This research could improve the quality of forests in limestone mountains and better use the multi-functional benefits of the forest in Shandong Province.