紫茄皮红色素分离与主要成分的研究

为了给紫茄皮的应用和稳定性研究提供基础，以紫茄皮为原料，对红色素进行提取鉴定，利用乙醇溶液和石油醚对紫茄皮红色素进行提取和纯化，提取液经过浓缩，纸层析进行分离后，分离的成分进行pH值梯度试验，最大吸收波长的测定、与HCl-镁粉、中性醋酸铅及FeCl3的显色反应等实验。采用正丁醇:盐酸:水(6:1:0.5)为展开剂，色斑分离效果最好；分离出的三点在光谱扫描下在278 nm、507~536 nm附近有最大吸收峰，表明该3个色带为花色苷类色素；与HCl-镁粉、中性醋酸铅及FeCl3的显色反应颜色均发生变化，表明3种色素均为黄酮类的化合物；在pH=1时其吸光度值最大，当pH>1时，其吸光度趋于减少，光谱曲线变得平坦，说明紫茄皮红色素属于黄酮类的花色苷色素。

The Separation and Research of Main Constituents from Purple Eggplant Skin Red Pigment

The aim was to provide application and stability research of purple eggplant skin. Therefore, in this research purple eggplant skin was used as the raw material to extract, purify and identify the red pigment. The red pigment was extracted and purified using ethanol and petroleum ether. After red pigment concentrated and separated by paper chromatography, the separated compositions were tested of pH gradient experiment and measured the maximum absorption wavelength as well as HCl-magnesium Powder, neutral lead acetate and the color reaction of FeCl3 and other experiments. The results showed that three pigments were falconoid compounds when the three separated points were reacted color reaction with HCl -magnesium powder, neutral lead acetate and FeCl3 and the color all changed. The maximum absorption was showed when the value of pH=1, but the absorbency tended to reduce and spectrum curve became flat, when pH>1 and it showed that the purple eggplant skin red pigment belonged to a kind of anthocyanins pigment.