松针堆肥使用现状的调查研究

松针是一种可再生的自然资源，富含丰富的养分，是一种具有特色的有机肥原材料。为了深入了解松针堆肥的使用情况及潜在价值，以大理州鹤庆县松桂镇为调查地点，针对10 个村82 个社2450 户农民展开调查。调查发现：松针堆肥在鹤庆县应用广泛，堆肥农户占到调查总农户的91.76%，其中使用松针堆肥的农户达到96.82%，堆肥总量达到7493730 kg，平均每户堆肥达到3333.51 kg。堆肥方式多样，但主要以松针和牛粪堆捂为主。堆肥控制条件较差，堆肥过程中加水农户仅有39.82%，翻堆农户仅有15.70%，增温农户仅有49.07%，无害化处理农户仅有16.13%。主要有待解决的技术问题包括松针的快速降解，松针堆肥的条件控制以及松针堆肥的合理配方。松针堆肥受到农民的广泛认可，是一种潜值巨大的绿色有机肥料。

Investigation on Application Status of Pine Needle Compost

Pine needle is a kind of renewable natural resource which has rich nutrient content and can be used as raw aterial for organic compost. In order to understanding the pine needle compost application status and its potential value, in this study, the author chose the survey sites in Songgui Town, Heqing County, Dali Prefecture, and the survey covered 2450 farmer households in 82 communities of 10 villages. The survey found that, pine needle compost was widely applied in Heqing County, farmer households with compost accounted for 91.76% of the total households, and among which, farmer households with the pine needle compost accounted for 96.82% , the total compost reached 7493730 kg, the average household compost reached 3333.51 kg. Compost forms were diversified, pine needle compost and cover dung were the main forms. Compost control condition was poor, only 39.82% of the households added water in the composting process, only 15.70% of the households turned the pile, only 49.07% of the households had warming practice, and only 16.13% of the households conducted harmless treatments. Technical issues, including rapid degradation of pine needles, condition control of pine needle compost and reasonable formula of pine needle compost, should be addressed. Pine needle compost is a green organic fertilizer that widely recognized by farmers and has a huge potential value.