不同品种梨新梢木质部细胞的解剖学比较分析

研究‘水晶梨’、‘丰水梨’的细胞解剖学结构，试图为梨树的生理生态特性及其进化提供理论依据。以‘水晶梨’、‘丰水梨’与对照品种‘酥梨’的新梢木质部细胞为试材，对3个梨品种的导管分子、管胞分子以及纤维分子等细胞解剖学特征进行了比较分析。结果表明：‘水晶梨’较‘丰水梨’和‘酥梨’导管细胞上的纹孔大且致密，畸形导管明显比‘丰水梨’和‘酥梨’少。‘丰水梨’导管分子的最大直径较‘水晶梨’和‘酥梨’大，差异达到极显著水平；端尾长度较‘水晶梨’和‘酥梨’短，差异达到极显著水平；纤维分子长度较‘水晶梨’和‘酥梨’无显著差异；纤维分子直径较‘水晶梨’和‘酥梨’小，差异达到极显著水平。与‘酥梨’相比，‘水晶梨’导管的横向运输能力强，‘丰水梨’导管的纵向运输能力强，这些特征有利于提高它们的生态适应性。

Comparative Analysis on Anatomy of Xylem Cells in New Shoots of Different Pear Varieties

The anatomical structure of Suisho pear and Hosui pear was studied to provide theoretical basis for research on eco-physiological traits and their development. Xylem cells in new shoots of Suisho pear, Hosui pear and Suli pear (the CK) were used as test materials, the cellular anatomical traits of which were compared and analyzed, including vessel element, tracheid molecule and fiber molecule. The results indicated that pits on vessel cells of Suisho pear were larger and denser than those of Hosui pear and Suli pear. Meanwhile, malformed vessels of Suisho pear were obviously fewer than that of the other 2 varieties. The maximum diameter for vessel element of Hosui pear was larger than that of Suisho pear and Suli pear, which showed a highly significant difference. The end tail length for Hosui pear was shorter than that of Suisho pear and Suli pear, which also showed a highly significant difference. No significant difference existed in fiber molecule length among the 3 varieties. The diameter of fiber molecule for Hosui pear was smaller than that of Suisho pear and Suli pear, which again showed a highly significant difference. Compared with Suli pear, Suisho pear had better transverse transport ability, while Hosui pear had better vertical transport ability. These traits helped to improve their ecological adaptability.