江西双季稻机插的典型模式及其效果研究

基于江西省双季稻区10个县30个乡镇农户、合作社以及农机大市场的调查数据,通过对合作社的两种典型模式（合作模式和服务模式）的研究及合作社农户和散户的对比分析,探索合作社对江西双季稻机插推广的促进作用。研究结果表明:合作社农户的成本要低于散户,收益要高于散户,合作社的生产效果比散户的要好;合作社农户的年龄比散户的年龄要低,文化、土地规模、资金要高于散户;合作社农户的机插比例高于散户;目前江西合作社机插典型模式中比较受欢迎的模式是农机大户和种田大户合作模式及“订单式”服务模式;未来种田大户、农机大户和养殖大户是发展江西农民合作生产的主要对象,重点发展的模式是合作社提供水稻生产全程社会化服务模式。

Mechanically-transplanted Double Rice in Jiangxi: Typical Production Model and Effect

To explore the promotion effect of cooperatives on mechanically-transplanted double rice, two typical cooperative models (the cooperative model and the service model) were studied, and a comparative analysis was conducted on cooperative households and ordinary farm households based on the survey data from farmers, cooperatives and large agricultural machinery markets of 30 towns in 10 counties of double-cropping rice area in Jiangxi Province. The results showed that the cooperative households had the advantages of lower cost and higher income over ordinary farm households, and the production effect of the cooperatives was better; the age of cooperative farmers were younger, whose education level, field scale and capital were higher, and the proportion of machine transplanting was higher in cooperatives; of all typical models, the more popular ones in Jiangxi were the large farm machinery households plus large farm households and the “order-based” service. In the future, large grain production households, large breeding households and large farm machinery households are the major participants in the development of cooperative production in Jiangxi, and the key development model is that the cooperatives provide the whole process social service for rice production.