30份国内外小麦种质资源主要农艺性状的分析与评价

为了给小麦育种提供更适合的亲本材料,选择具备优良性状的种质资源,以13个主要农艺性状为指标,对30份国内外种质材料的进行主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明:农艺性状的前5个主成分所构成的信息量占85.077%,其中,第1主成分为产量因子,贡献率为39.947%;当欧氏平方距离为5.00时,供试品种可分为3类,第Ⅰ类群共有18份种质材料,属于中矮杆中高产型品种;第Ⅱ类群有6份材料,属于中矮杆高产型品种,产量及产量要素表现最优,是农艺性状综合表现优良的育种材料;第Ⅲ类群有6份材料,为国外引进或弱春性材料,属于高杆中低产型。分析结果显示出部分国外材料表现出对环境的不适应性,需加以改良后再利用,以满足当地育种的需要。

30 Worldwide Wheat Germplasm Resources: Analysis and Evaluation of Main Agronomic Traits

In order to provide more suitable parental materials for wheat breeding and select germplasm resources with excellent agronomic traits, 13 major agronomic traits of 30 worldwide wheat germplasm resources were used as indexes, principal components analysis and cluster analysis was conducted for 30 worldwide wheat germplasm resources. The results showed that the information content of the top 5 principal components of agronomic traits accounted for 85.077%, among which the first principal component was the yield factor and the contribution rate was 39.947%. When the Euclidean square distance was 5.00, tested varieties could be divided into three groups. In groupI, there were 18 materials, belonging to the mid-low height with mid-high yielding type varieties. In group II, there were 6 materials, belonging to the mid-low height with high- yielding varieties. The yield and yield factors were the best performance, which were excellent comprehensive agronomic traits of breeding varieties. In group III, there were 6 materials, which were imported or weak spring material, belonging to the high height with mid-low yielding type. The results show that the foreign materials are not adaptable to the environment, which need to be improved and utilized in order to meet the needs of local breeding.