秦巴山区、武陵山区集中连片扶贫调查及可持续发展模式比较研究

退耕还林与集中连片扶贫是近年来政府实施西部大开发战略的重要举措。通过对秦巴山区、武陵山区两大退耕还林和集中连片扶贫区的调查,分析指出两地区长期贫困落后的原因相似,既包括自身的自然生态、经济、人文三大系统恶性循环,也包括政府制度供给偏向的影响。根据两地区扶贫开发的现状,提出从国家层面应进一步加大对集中连片贫困地区基础设施建设和民生事业的投入;从地方政府层面应结合实际推进制度创新,做好统筹规划,制定适合区域环境要求的扶贫开发策略;在具体实践层面应通过财政转移支付、税收政策及专项资金扶持等发展生态旅游业、特色农业等新兴产业,采取以经济效益、生态效益和社会效益有机结合的扶贫模式,实现区域经济社会的可持续发展。

Comparative Research on Extensive Development for Poverty Alleviation and Sustainable Development Model in QinBa and Wuling Mountainous Areas

The grain-to-green program and the concentrated extensive development for poverty alleviation are critical important measures for government to implement the western development strategy. Through the research on grain-to-green programs and poverty alleviation areas in Qinba and Wuling mountainous areas, the analysis points out that there are similar reasons causing the being poor and under-developed in two areas, which includes the systemic vicious spiral from natural ecology, local economy and human environment. Besides, the biased policies of local government cannot give enough support to such areas. Based on present situation of poverty alleviation in Qinba and Wuling, the research proposes that the increasing investment should focus on infrastructure construction and people livelihood undertakings in concentrated extensive poverty area at a national level. And from the local governmental level, it must combine with the actual situation to promote system innovation and overall planning well, which also needs better poverty alleviation strategies for regional environmental requirements. Specifically speaking, fiscal transfer payment, tax policy and special funds should be realized by the government, which could help to develop ecological tourism and unique localized agriculture. Therefore, new poverty alleviation model combining with economic benefits, ecological benefits and social benefits will realize the sustainable development in a social economical region.