秸秆还田量对土壤理化性状及小麦产量的影响

为了确定适宜的小麦秸秆还田量,通过设置不同的秸秆还田量处理,研究其对后茬麦田的土壤理化性状及产量的影响.结果表明,秸秆还田能增加土壤湿度,对表层(60 cm)以上湿度的影响最大.同时秸秆覆盖能使土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷含量增加,随覆盖量的增加其增加幅度加大,秸秆覆盖使土壤容重降低,孔隙度加大,更好地保护了土壤的物理结构.秸秆还田量7500 kg/hm2处理与秸秆(麦秸)还田量6000 kg/hm2的处理对土壤的增效作用差别不大.秸秆覆盖处理提高了小麦产量及产量构成因素,随秸秆还田用量增加产量有不同幅度的增加,以6000 kg/hm2处理产量最高.综合研究结果在本试验条件下,以小麦秸秆覆盖6000 kg/hm2为比较适宜的秸秆覆盖还田量.

Effects of Straw Returning Amount on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Yield of Wheat

In order to determine the appropriate amount of wheat straw returning, a field experiment was conducted to study different amount of straw returning treatment influence on soil physical and chemical properties and yield in the following season wheat fields. The results indicated that, straws increased soil moisture, the impact of humidity above the surface layer (60 cm) was the biggest. Meanwhile, straw mulch increased the soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus content .With the amount of coverage increasing the magnitude increased, straw mulch decreased the soil bulk density, increased the porosity, and better protect the soil physical structure. There was no significant difference among the treatments straw amount of 7500 kg/hm2 and 6000 kg/hm2 synergistic effect on soil. Straw mulch treatment increased wheat yield and factors of yield components, yield increased with straw amount increasing in different magnitude, the highest yield was 6000 kg/hm2 treatment. Based on the results in this experimental condition, 6000 kg/hm2 was the appropriate amount of wheat straw cover.