生物炭对红壤茶园溶磷细菌数量数量及和土壤磷形态转化有效磷含量的影响

为检测施用生物炭对酸性红壤土壤磷转化和土壤溶磷细菌数量的影响，用茶园土进了8周的接种溶磷细菌的微缩土壤培养实验，设置了0%、1%、3%（重量比）3种添加生物炭处理。结果表明：接种后土壤溶磷细菌数量迅速下降，而施用生物炭显著增加了茶园溶磷细菌的数量，为不施用生物炭的对照处理的10.5~15.25倍。此外，添加生物炭显著提高了土壤pH值、土壤有效磷(Bray-P)含量与土壤碱性磷酸酶活性。相关性分析结果表明：红壤茶园土壤溶磷细菌数量与土壤有机碳、总氮、总磷、有效磷、pH值、碱性磷酸酶活性之间均呈显著正相关关系，与土壤酸性磷酸酶活性呈负相关关系。总之，与对照处理相比较，添加生物炭可以增加红壤茶园土壤溶磷细菌的数量，并对土壤磷素起到活化作用。 关键词：生物炭；溶磷细菌；土壤有效磷；土壤碱性磷酸酶；红壤茶园

Effects of Biochar on Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Number and Soil Available P Content in Red Soil Tea Plantation

To assess the effects of biochar application on the conversion of soil phosphorus and the numbers of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) in acid red soil, a eight week PSB inoculation microcosm incubation experiment was performed using soil from tea plantation, and biochar adding treatment of 0%, 1% and 3% (w /w ) were conducted. The results showed that: the numbers of PSB decreased rapidly after inoculation, the application of biochar significantly increased the numbers of PSB in tea plantation, which was 10.5-15.25 times as much as that of control treatment. In addition, the application of biochar increased soil pH value,available P (Bray-P) content, and alkaline phosphatase enzyme activities. Correlation analysis showed that: there were positive correlations between numbers of PSB and organic matter content, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, pH value and alkaline phosphatase enzyme activities; and a negative correlation between numbers of PSB and acid phosphatase enzyme activities. In summary, compared with control treatment, the application of biochar increased the numbers of PSB and activated soil P in red soil tea plantation.