水稻病虫害为害自助式识别检索

为了方便种粮大户及基层农技人员和农药经营人员识别水稻主要病虫害，做到及时、对症下药，提高防治效果，确保稻米质量安全。通过开展水稻田间病虫及为害状调查与观察，并对害虫特征和病虫为害状进行了数码采集；在总结了前人经验基础上，分析了不同病虫为害特点及区别，构建基于作物不同部位病虫为害状为基础的二叉树结构检索表，再与田间为害状和所拍摄的数码照片比对核查，形成自助式水稻病虫害检索模式。新检索方法具有通俗易懂，操作简单，与以往病虫分开、害虫以成虫特征为主的检索模式相比，更加贴近生产实际，容易为基层人员所接受和掌握，达到快速识别、自我诊断目的，有利于提高对病虫诊断的准确性，进而开展对症防治。

Rice pest damage self-recognition search

The aim of the study is to help the big farming household,the basic agricultural technicians and the agricultural chemical management staff to identify the main diseases and pests of rice,choose the right chemical properly to raise the control effect,simultaneously harvest safe rice.In this study we intend to through investigate and observe the diseases and pests along with theirs symptoms in the field,and take digital photos of characteristics of the pests,as well as theirs ’ damage symptoms;based on the predecessors experience,analyzed the damaged features and differences of the different pests and diseases,a binary tree structural retrieval table was formed on the basis of pests damages on the different section of plants,then,compared field damages with the digital photos and make verification,forming self-service rice pests retrieval model.The feature of this new retrieval method is easy to understand and operate,this very model is more appropriate to real production,the basic workers would accept it happily and use it easily,while compare to the previous retrieval model that pests and diseases are separate and mainly based on the adult features,so as to identify the abnormal quickly and make diagnosis personally,at the same time,enhance the accuracy of the diagnosis of diseases and pests,and then,carry out prevention purposely.