控释肥对盛果期果园根域环境的影响

为了探讨苹果根域环境对控释肥的响应机制，从而为控释肥在果树上的应用提供理论依据。采用苹果专用控释肥和普通复合肥为试材，设计不同控释肥养分含量处理的方法，研究了控释肥对盛果期果园土壤有机质、pH和N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn等矿质元素含量的影响。结果表明，施肥降低了果园土壤的pH和有机质含量，施用控释肥果园的pH要高于普通复合肥；施用控释肥明显增加了土壤碱解氮、Fe和Zn的含量，降低了速效磷、速效钾、土壤中交换性Ca、交换性Mg、Mn和Cu的含量。控释肥提高了土壤N的利用率，减轻了肥料流失对土壤的污染，有效改善了果树根域环境。

The Effect of Controlled Release Fertilizer on Full Fruit Period Orchard Root Environment

In order to explore the response mechanism of controlled release fertilizer on apple root domain environment, which provided a theoretical basis for the application of controlled release fertilizer in fruit, the effect of controlled release fertilizer on full fruit period fruit orchard soil was studied, including orchard soil organic matter, pH and mineral elements contents such as N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn by the application of apple special controlled release fertilizer and common compound fertilizer with different CRFs content treatment. The results showed that, pH value and organic matter content reduced by application of fertilizer, and the pH value of applying CRFs was higher that that of applying common compound fertilizer. The application of CRFs increased significantly contents of soil available nitrogen, Fe and Zn, but reduced contents of available phosphorus, potassium, exchangeable Ca, Mg, Mn and Cu. The application of CRFs increased the utilization of soil N, reduced the loss of fertilizer on soil pollution and effectively improved the environment of the fruit root domain environment.