解淀粉芽孢杆菌GB58对水稻纹枯病的防效及菌剂载体筛选

旨在对解淀粉芽孢杆菌GB58在水稻纹枯病上的盆栽防治效果和最佳菌剂载体进行研究，明确其应用前景。采用盆栽试验测定GB58对水稻纹枯病的病斑高率和在水稻上的定殖能力，测定GB58在菌剂固定载体的吸附能力和吸附稳定性。盆栽试验结果表明，GB58在水稻病株上有良好的定殖效果，定殖数最大达到2.22×10⁷ cfu/g。与喷施井冈霉素处理相比，GB58对水稻纹枯病的防效在病害发生后20、40天分别显著提高了20%、24%。GB58在固体菌剂吸附载体的研究表明：结合菌体吸附量、存活率和抑菌活性进行分析，有机载体吸附效果好于无机载体；同时综合考虑应用价值，选择玉米粉、有机肥为菌剂吸附载体较好。GB58对水稻纹枯病具有较好的生防效果。采用玉米粉和有机肥作为固体菌剂吸附载体，具有经济、高效的特点，有较大的应用价值与开发潜力。

Control Effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB58 on Rice Sheath Blight andScreening of Microbial Agent Carrier

Objective] This study aims at researching on the effect of the biocontrol outcome against rice sheath blight disease of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB58 and its most suitable microbial agent carrier to determine the application prospect.Method] The pot experiment method was adopted to determine the relative lesion height (RLH) of rice sheath blight, colonization ability of rice. The adsorption capacity and stability of GB58 on microbial agent carrier was determined. Result]The pot experiment result showed that GB58 had an optimistic colonization effect at 2.2×107 cfu/g of the maximum on the diseased plants. Compared to validamycin treatment, the biocontrol effect of GB58 was raised significantly by 20% and 24% respectively in 20d and 40d after inoculating the pathogen. The test on solid microbial agent carrier of GB58 suggested that, taking cell absorption amount, survival rate and antimicrobial activity into consideration, the absorption effect of the organic carrier was better than that of the inorganic. While economic factors were considered comprehensively, the choice of corn meal and organic fertilizer would be ideal.SConclusion] Our results came to the conclusion that GB58 had a biocontrol advantage over rice sheath blight disease, while corn meal and organic fertilizer, effective and economical as the microbial agent carrier, had wide application value and great potential.