微生物菌肥不同组成对苹果生长及~(15)N-氮素吸收利用和损失的影响

以2年生红富士/平邑甜茶为试材,利用15N同位素标记,研究了不同微生物菌肥对苹果生长及15N-氮素吸收利用和损失的影响。试验设4个处理:T1(微生物菌肥)、T2(不添加微生物菌的载体)、T3(与微生物菌肥等N、P、K含量的化肥)及CK(空白对照)。结果表明:T1处理植株总鲜重、新梢长度、根冠比、根系活力及根表面积最高,其次为T2处理,其他两个处理差异不显著。不同处理土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量差异显著,均以T1处理最高,T2处理次之,随后为T3处理,CK最小。不同处理各类微生物数量表现一致,微生物数量均以细菌最多,放线菌次之,真菌最少。细菌、真菌、放线菌数量、土壤酶活性、15N利用率以及土壤中的15N残留率均以T1处理最高,T2处理次之,T3和CK显著不差异。

Effects of Different Compositions of Microbial Fertilizer on Apple Growth and Absorption, Utilization and Loss of 15N-urea

Two years Fuji/malus hupehensis was used to study the effects of different microbial fertilizers on apple growth and absorption, utilization and loss of 15N-urea by 15N isotope labeling. Four treatments were designed: T1 (microbial fertilizer), T2 (microbial fertilizer without carrier), T3 (microbial fertilizer + NPK fertilizers) and CK (no fertilizer). The results showed that the highest total fresh weight, shoot length, root shoot ratio, root activity and root surface area were found in T1, followed by T2, and there was no significant difference between T3 and CK. The differences of soil alkali-hydrolyzable N, available P and available K of different treatments were significant, the highest contents appeared in T1, then was T2, followed by T3, CK was the lowest. In the four treatments, the number of bacteria was the most, then was actinomycetes, and fungi was the least. The highest amount of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, and the highest soil enzyme activities, 15N utilization rate and15N residual rate were found in T1, then was T2, no significant difference was found between T3 and CK.