甜瓜镰孢根腐病菌生物学特性研究

近年来甜瓜镰孢根腐病在甜瓜设施栽培和露地栽培中都普遍发生,严重影响了甜瓜的产量和品质。对该病病原菌腐皮镰孢菌Fusarium solani(Mart.)Sacc.]的生物学特性进行了研究,旨在为筛选甜瓜镰孢根腐病抗性种质资源和选育抗病品种奠定基础。研究结果是:该病原菌生长温度范围是10～4为0℃硝,态最氮适,铵生态长氮温不度适为于30该℃病;在原p菌H5的～1生0长范。围该内病都原能菌良分好生生长孢;子能萌够发很的好最地适利相用对多湿种度碳是源1;0较0%适,在宜相的对氮源湿度关键小词于:9甜0%瓜的;条根件腐下病不;腐能皮萌镰发孢;分菌生;生孢物子学适特宜性萌发温度为30℃;分生孢子的致死温度为57℃,10min。

Biological Characteristics of the Pathogen of Fusarium Root Rot of Melon

Recent years, Fusarium root rot of melon （Cucumis melo ） has caused more and more serious damage to melon production in some area of China. We studied the biological characteristics of the pathogen （Fusarium solani （Mart.） Sacc.） in order to provide the basis for the melon breeders to screen the resistant germplasm resources and select resistant melon cultivars to the disease. The results are showed as follow： The temperature affects pathogen growth greatly, the range of temperature for the pathogen growth is 10-40℃, and the optimum is 30℃; The pathogen grows slowly at pH 4,but grows rapidly and different pH has little influence on its growth at the range of pH 5-10; It can utilize many kinds of carbon sources very well; Nitrogen nutrient has a strong effect on the growth of the pathogen, and nitrate-nitrogen NO3-N] is suitable for its growth, but ammonium-nitrogen NH4-N] does not favor the pathogen; Both the temperature and relative humidity are the key factors for the conidia germinating, and 100% and 30℃ are the optimal relative humidity and the optimal temperature for the conidia germinating, separately; The conidium lethal temperature is 57℃, 10 minutes lasted.